Перевод: со всех языков на английский

с английского на все языки

a change in public opinion

  • 1 opinión

    f.
    opinion, notion, conviction, belief.
    * * *
    1 (juicio) opinion, view
    ■ en mi opinión in my opinion, in my view
    \
    cambiar de opinión to change one's mind
    la opinión pública public opinion
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF opinion, view

    ser de la opinión (de) que... — to be of the opinion that..., take the view that...

    * * *
    femenino opinion

    ¿cuál es tu opinión sobre el programa? — what do you think of the program?

    * * *
    = claim, contention, feedback, judgement [judgment], regard, view, say, voice, perception.
    Ex. The final justification is to be found in the claim that SLIS provide a form of information education that is not provided elsewhere.
    Ex. The main contentions are that it would serve both the long-term interests of authors and publishers and the interests of users of information.
    Ex. The statements are framed one at a time, and feedback is available at each stage, hence the term 'interactive searching'.
    Ex. In my judgment, these changes will come about in one of two ways.
    Ex. Their sheer institutional standing and regard have had a bearing upon the creation of a situation which is a good deal better than it might otherwise have been.
    Ex. There is an alternative method for the design of subject retrieval devices, and that is to build languages or schemes which depend upon some theoretical views about the nature and structure of knowledge.
    Ex. I've seen people clamor for a say and when it's given to them they don't take it.
    Ex. I am particularly interested in hearing from practicing music and digital librarians, those in industry, and those who have had experience with other evaluation programmes, though all voices are welcomed.
    Ex. Nevertheless, citation indexes do seek to link documents according to their content (or at least the perception of their content held by the author of the source work).
    ----
    * a la opinión pública = in the public eye.
    * ante la opinión pública = in the public eye.
    * apoyar un opinión = support + contention.
    * artículo de opinión = discussion article, discussion paper, opinion article, feature article, opinion piece, op-ed.
    * atrincherado en las opiniones de Uno = set in + Posesivo + opinions.
    * cambiar de opinión = change + Posesivo + mind, change + feet, change + Posesivo + tune.
    * cambiar de opinión a mitad de camino = change + horses in midstream.
    * cambio de opinión = change of heart, change of mind.
    * columna de opinión = op-ed.
    * compartir la opinión de que = share + the view that.
    * dar la opinión sobre = give + opinion on.
    * dar una opinión = offer + opinion.
    * de acuerdo con + Posesivo + opinión = in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.
    * defender un opinión = support + view.
    * diferencia de opinión (sobre) = difference of opinion (on).
    * diferencias de opinión = shades of opinion.
    * discrepacia de opiniones = conflict of opinions.
    * divergencia de opinión = divergence of opinion.
    * división de opiniones = division of opinion, split decision, divided opinions.
    * documento de opinión = discussion document.
    * empresa dedicada a los sondeos de opinión = polling firm, polling agency.
    * en contra de la opinión general = contrary to popular belief.
    * en la opinión de = in the opinion of.
    * en mi opinión = to my mind, in my opinion, to the best of my knowledge, in my view, to my knowledge, in my books.
    * en + Posesivo + opinión = to + Posesivo + mind.
    * escuchar la opinión de Alguien = hear + opinion.
    * es mi opinión = my two cents' worth.
    * expresar la opinión = volunteer + view.
    * expresar la opinión de uno = make + Posesivo + feelings known, put + viewpoint across.
    * expresar la opinión de uno sobre = give + Posesivo + thoughts on.
    * expresar opinión = express + view.
    * expresar opinión (sobre) = express + opinion (on).
    * expresar + Posesivo + opinión = find + Posesivo + (own) voice, find + voice, find + a voice.
    * expresar una opinión = voice + opinion.
    * expresar una opinión sobre = state + opinion on, venture + opinion on.
    * formarse una opinión = form + impression.
    * grupo de opinión = focus group.
    * haber división de opiniones = be split on, opinion + be divided.
    * haber división de opiniones entre los críticos = critics + be divided.
    * influir en la opinión pública = shape + public opinion, influence + public opinion.
    * intercambiar opiniones = exchange + views, share + opinions.
    * intercambio de opiniones sobre = exchange of opinion on.
    * la opinión de otra persona = a second opinion.
    * líder de opinión = opinion leader.
    * manipular la opinión = manipulate + opinion.
    * mantener una opinión = hold + view, hold + opinion.
    * mi opinión = my two cents' worth.
    * moldear la opinión pública = mould + public opinion.
    * ofrecer una opinión = offer + opinion.
    * opinión consensuada = consensus of opinion.
    * opinión de la mayoría = majority opinion.
    * opiniones diferentes = contrasting opinions.
    * opiniones diversas = mixed reactions, mixed reviews.
    * opiniones divididas = divided opinions.
    * opiniones opuestas = contrasting opinions.
    * opinión + estar dividida = opinion + be divided.
    * opinión general = consensus, consensus of opinion, accepted wisdom, conventional wisdom.
    * opinión general, la = received wisdom, the.
    * opinión generalmente aceptada = conventional wisdom.
    * opinión mayoritaria = majority opinion.
    * opinión personal = personal opinion.
    * opinión pública = outside-world, public opinion.
    * opinión pública, la = public mind, the.
    * opinión (sobre) = opinion (on).
    * pedir la opinión sobre = ask for + opinion on.
    * recabar la opinión = canvass + opinion.
    * recabar la opinión pública = gauge + public opinion.
    * recabar la opinión sobre = gauge + opinion on.
    * recabar opiniones = solicit + input.
    * recabar opinión sobre = elicit + opinion on.
    * recabar + Posesivo + opinión = gauge + Posesivo + reaction.
    * recabar una opinión = solicit + opinion.
    * recibir opiniones diversas = receive + mixed reviews.
    * reservarse la opinión = reserve + judgement.
    * respaldar una opinión = buttress + claim, support + view.
    * según la opinión de = in the opinion of.
    * según mi opinión = to the best of my knowledge.
    * según + Posesivo + opinión = in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.
    * ser de la opinión de que = be of the opinion that, be of the view that.
    * sondear la opinión pública = gauge + public opinion.
    * sondear la opinión sobre = gauge + opinion on.
    * sondeo de opinión = opinion poll, Gallup poll, perceptions study, opinion polling.
    * sondeo de opinión por teléfono = telephone opinion poll.
    * sondeo de opinión pública = public opinion poll.
    * sondeo informal de opinión = straw poll.
    * sostener la opinión = argue.
    * sostener una opinión = hold + view, hold + opinion.
    * tener derecho a expresar + Posesivo + opinión = be entitled to + Posesivo + own opinion.
    * tener la opinión = it + be + Posesivo + understanding.
    * tener opinión = take + view.
    * tener una opinión = take + viewpoint, hold + view, hold + opinion.
    * tener una opinión sobre = have + an opinion on.
    * una segunda opinión = a second opinion.
    * * *
    femenino opinion

    ¿cuál es tu opinión sobre el programa? — what do you think of the program?

    * * *
    opinión (sobre)

    Ex: A reputable supplier will readily provide names of former customers who may be contacted for their opinions on service, support and maintenance.

    = claim, contention, feedback, judgement [judgment], regard, view, say, voice, perception.

    Ex: The final justification is to be found in the claim that SLIS provide a form of information education that is not provided elsewhere.

    Ex: The main contentions are that it would serve both the long-term interests of authors and publishers and the interests of users of information.
    Ex: The statements are framed one at a time, and feedback is available at each stage, hence the term 'interactive searching'.
    Ex: In my judgment, these changes will come about in one of two ways.
    Ex: Their sheer institutional standing and regard have had a bearing upon the creation of a situation which is a good deal better than it might otherwise have been.
    Ex: There is an alternative method for the design of subject retrieval devices, and that is to build languages or schemes which depend upon some theoretical views about the nature and structure of knowledge.
    Ex: I've seen people clamor for a say and when it's given to them they don't take it.
    Ex: I am particularly interested in hearing from practicing music and digital librarians, those in industry, and those who have had experience with other evaluation programmes, though all voices are welcomed.
    Ex: Nevertheless, citation indexes do seek to link documents according to their content (or at least the perception of their content held by the author of the source work).
    * a la opinión pública = in the public eye.
    * ante la opinión pública = in the public eye.
    * apoyar un opinión = support + contention.
    * artículo de opinión = discussion article, discussion paper, opinion article, feature article, opinion piece, op-ed.
    * atrincherado en las opiniones de Uno = set in + Posesivo + opinions.
    * cambiar de opinión = change + Posesivo + mind, change + feet, change + Posesivo + tune.
    * cambiar de opinión a mitad de camino = change + horses in midstream.
    * cambio de opinión = change of heart, change of mind.
    * columna de opinión = op-ed.
    * compartir la opinión de que = share + the view that.
    * dar la opinión sobre = give + opinion on.
    * dar una opinión = offer + opinion.
    * de acuerdo con + Posesivo + opinión = in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.
    * defender un opinión = support + view.
    * diferencia de opinión (sobre) = difference of opinion (on).
    * diferencias de opinión = shades of opinion.
    * discrepacia de opiniones = conflict of opinions.
    * divergencia de opinión = divergence of opinion.
    * división de opiniones = division of opinion, split decision, divided opinions.
    * documento de opinión = discussion document.
    * empresa dedicada a los sondeos de opinión = polling firm, polling agency.
    * en contra de la opinión general = contrary to popular belief.
    * en la opinión de = in the opinion of.
    * en mi opinión = to my mind, in my opinion, to the best of my knowledge, in my view, to my knowledge, in my books.
    * en + Posesivo + opinión = to + Posesivo + mind.
    * escuchar la opinión de Alguien = hear + opinion.
    * es mi opinión = my two cents' worth.
    * expresar la opinión = volunteer + view.
    * expresar la opinión de uno = make + Posesivo + feelings known, put + viewpoint across.
    * expresar la opinión de uno sobre = give + Posesivo + thoughts on.
    * expresar opinión = express + view.
    * expresar opinión (sobre) = express + opinion (on).
    * expresar + Posesivo + opinión = find + Posesivo + (own) voice, find + voice, find + a voice.
    * expresar una opinión = voice + opinion.
    * expresar una opinión sobre = state + opinion on, venture + opinion on.
    * formarse una opinión = form + impression.
    * grupo de opinión = focus group.
    * haber división de opiniones = be split on, opinion + be divided.
    * haber división de opiniones entre los críticos = critics + be divided.
    * influir en la opinión pública = shape + public opinion, influence + public opinion.
    * intercambiar opiniones = exchange + views, share + opinions.
    * intercambio de opiniones sobre = exchange of opinion on.
    * la opinión de otra persona = a second opinion.
    * líder de opinión = opinion leader.
    * manipular la opinión = manipulate + opinion.
    * mantener una opinión = hold + view, hold + opinion.
    * mi opinión = my two cents' worth.
    * moldear la opinión pública = mould + public opinion.
    * ofrecer una opinión = offer + opinion.
    * opinión consensuada = consensus of opinion.
    * opinión de la mayoría = majority opinion.
    * opiniones diferentes = contrasting opinions.
    * opiniones diversas = mixed reactions, mixed reviews.
    * opiniones divididas = divided opinions.
    * opiniones opuestas = contrasting opinions.
    * opinión + estar dividida = opinion + be divided.
    * opinión general = consensus, consensus of opinion, accepted wisdom, conventional wisdom.
    * opinión general, la = received wisdom, the.
    * opinión generalmente aceptada = conventional wisdom.
    * opinión mayoritaria = majority opinion.
    * opinión personal = personal opinion.
    * opinión pública = outside-world, public opinion.
    * opinión pública, la = public mind, the.
    * opinión (sobre) = opinion (on).
    * pedir la opinión sobre = ask for + opinion on.
    * recabar la opinión = canvass + opinion.
    * recabar la opinión pública = gauge + public opinion.
    * recabar la opinión sobre = gauge + opinion on.
    * recabar opiniones = solicit + input.
    * recabar opinión sobre = elicit + opinion on.
    * recabar + Posesivo + opinión = gauge + Posesivo + reaction.
    * recabar una opinión = solicit + opinion.
    * recibir opiniones diversas = receive + mixed reviews.
    * reservarse la opinión = reserve + judgement.
    * respaldar una opinión = buttress + claim, support + view.
    * según la opinión de = in the opinion of.
    * según mi opinión = to the best of my knowledge.
    * según + Posesivo + opinión = in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.
    * ser de la opinión de que = be of the opinion that, be of the view that.
    * sondear la opinión pública = gauge + public opinion.
    * sondear la opinión sobre = gauge + opinion on.
    * sondeo de opinión = opinion poll, Gallup poll, perceptions study, opinion polling.
    * sondeo de opinión por teléfono = telephone opinion poll.
    * sondeo de opinión pública = public opinion poll.
    * sondeo informal de opinión = straw poll.
    * sostener la opinión = argue.
    * sostener una opinión = hold + view, hold + opinion.
    * tener derecho a expresar + Posesivo + opinión = be entitled to + Posesivo + own opinion.
    * tener la opinión = it + be + Posesivo + understanding.
    * tener opinión = take + view.
    * tener una opinión = take + viewpoint, hold + view, hold + opinion.
    * tener una opinión sobre = have + an opinion on.
    * una segunda opinión = a second opinion.

    * * *
    opinion
    no comparto tu opinión sobre este tema I do not share your view o opinion o I disagree with you on this subject
    ¿cuál es tu opinión sobre el programa? what do you think of the program?
    ¿qué opinión le merece esta nueva producción? ( frml); what is your opinion of this new production?
    en mi opinión fue un error in my opinion it was a mistake
    cambió de opinión he changed his mind
    es de la opinión de que no se les debe pegar a los niños she doesn't believe in hitting children, she is of the opinion that you mustn't hit children
    importantes sectores de opinión piensan que … significant bodies of opinion think that …
    es una cuestión de opinión it's a matter of opinion
    no tengo muy buena opinión de él I don't think very highly of him, I don't have a very high opinion of him
    Compuesto:
    la opinión pública public opinion
    un cambio en la opinión pública a change in public opinion
    no se puede engañar a la opinión pública con falsas promesas you cannot fool people o the public with false promises
    * * *

     

    opinión sustantivo femenino
    opinion;

    cambió de opinión he changed his mind;
    la opinión pública public opinion
    opinión sustantivo femenino opinion: siempre está cambiando de opinión, she's always changing her mind

    ' opinión' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    adherirse
    - antinuclear
    - apoyarse
    - apreciación
    - asesorar
    - aventurar
    - cambio
    - certera
    - certero
    - concepto
    - consejo
    - criterio
    - decantar
    - decir
    - discutible
    - disidencia
    - ecuánime
    - emitir
    - encuesta
    - entender
    - fama
    - idea
    - impresión
    - incluso
    - judicatura
    - juicio
    - manifestar
    - mí
    - opinar
    - opositor
    - opositora
    - opuesta
    - opuesto
    - para
    - parecer
    - pericial
    - prender
    - previa
    - previo
    - pronunciarse
    - prospección
    - prudente
    - pulsar
    - ratificar
    - según
    - sentir
    - sesgar
    - solicitar
    - someter
    - sondeo
    English:
    about-face
    - about-turn
    - advance
    - adverse
    - approve of
    - argue
    - belief
    - book
    - change
    - colour
    - currency
    - current
    - dead
    - decided
    - differ
    - discount
    - editorial
    - esteem
    - estimation
    - feeling
    - find
    - frank
    - glowing
    - groundswell
    - high
    - inflated
    - initially
    - judge
    - judgement
    - judgment
    - like-minded
    - low
    - mind
    - minority
    - mirror
    - misguided
    - mixed
    - moderate
    - one-sided
    - opinion
    - opinion poll
    - opposing
    - opposite
    - outlook
    - partisan
    - poll
    - position
    - prerogative
    - prevail
    - prevailing
    * * *
    opinion;
    en mi opinión no deberíamos ir in my opinion, we shouldn't go;
    es mi opinión personal that's my personal opinion;
    ¿cuál es tu opinión al respecto? what's your opinion o view on this matter?;
    después de escuchar distintas opiniones sobre el tema… after hearing different views on the matter…;
    compartir una opinión to share a view o an opinion;
    he cambiado de opinión I've changed my mind;
    expresar o [m5] dar una opinión to give an opinion;
    reservarse la opinión to reserve judgment;
    ser de la opinión de que to be of the opinion that;
    ser una cuestión de opinión to be a matter of opinion;
    tener buena/mala opinión de alguien to have a high/low opinion of sb
    la opinión pública public opinion
    * * *
    f opinion;
    la opinión pública public opinion;
    en mi opinión in my opinion;
    tener buena/mala opinión de alguien think highly/little of s.o.
    * * *
    opinión nf, pl - niones : opinion, belief
    * * *
    opinión n opinion / view

    Spanish-English dictionary > opinión

  • 2 opinión pública

    f.
    public opinion, vox populi.
    * * *
    public opinion
    * * *
    la opinión opinión public opinion; engañar a la opinión pública to fool people o the public
    * * *
    (n.) = outside-world, public opinion
    Ex. The Publications Office may fairly be said to present itself to the outside-world as a distributor by way of sale, since its overt involvement in free distribution is essentially accessory to that.
    Ex. The author discusses whether libraries still retain a function as agents of cultural change and moulders of public opinion.
    * * *
    la opinión opinión public opinion; engañar a la opinión pública to fool people o the public
    * * *
    la opinión pública
    = public mind, the

    Ex: These statistics were later proved to be erroneous, but the damage was done in the public mind = Posteriormente, se demostró que estos resultados estadísticos eran erróneos, pero el daño ya se había hecho en la opinión pública.

    (n.) = outside-world, public opinion

    Ex: The Publications Office may fairly be said to present itself to the outside-world as a distributor by way of sale, since its overt involvement in free distribution is essentially accessory to that.

    Ex: The author discusses whether libraries still retain a function as agents of cultural change and moulders of public opinion.

    Spanish-English dictionary > opinión pública

  • 3 Stimmungswandel

    m, Stimmungswechsel m Stimmungsumschwung
    * * *
    Stịm|mungs|wan|del
    1. m Stim|mungs|wech|sel
    2. m
    change of atmosphere; (POL) change or shift in (public) opinion
    * * *
    Stim·mungs·wan·del
    m
    1. (allgemein) change of atmosphere
    2. POL change in [public] opinion
    * * *

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Stimmungswandel

  • 4 denotar

    v.
    1 to indicate, to show.
    2 to denote, to mean, to suppose, to imply.
    Esto significa traición This means treachery.
    3 to indicate to.
    * * *
    1 to denote, indicate, show
    * * *
    VT
    1) (=significar) (tb Ling) to denote
    2) (=indicar) to indicate, show
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) (frml) (demostrar, indicar) to show, denote (frml)
    b) (Ling) to denote
    * * *
    = denote, betoken.
    Ex. The notation is primarily letters, but also uses numbers to denote concepts in the auxiliary schedules.
    Ex. The faintly irritating moralising tone of this book betokens a real human interest, which must be recovered if there is to be a dialogue of real content.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) (frml) (demostrar, indicar) to show, denote (frml)
    b) (Ling) to denote
    * * *
    = denote, betoken.

    Ex: The notation is primarily letters, but also uses numbers to denote concepts in the auxiliary schedules.

    Ex: The faintly irritating moralising tone of this book betokens a real human interest, which must be recovered if there is to be a dialogue of real content.

    * * *
    denotar [A1 ]
    vt
    1 ( frml) (demostrar, indicar) to show, denote ( frml)
    los resultados denotan un cambio en la opinión pública the results point to o denote o indicate o show a change in public opinion
    las arrugas de su cara denotaban una vida llena de sufrimientos the lines on her face told of a life of suffering
    sus modales denotan una esmerada educación her manners are the sign of o reveal an impeccable upbringing
    2 ( Ling) to denote
    * * *

    denotar ( conjugate denotar) verbo transitivo
    a) (frml) (demostrar, indicar) to show, denote (frml);


    b) (Ling) to denote

    denotar verbo transitivo
    1 to indicate: la expresión de su cara denota cansancio, you can see he's tired from the look on his face
    2 Ling to denote, mean
    ' denotar' also found in these entries:
    English:
    denote
    * * *
    1. [indicar] to indicate, to show;
    su sudor denotaba nerviosismo his sweating indicated his extreme nervousness
    2. Ling to denote
    * * *
    v/t indicate, denote
    * * *
    : to denote, to show

    Spanish-English dictionary > denotar

  • 5 Schwenkung

    f
    1. swivel; Kran: slewing, Am. sluing; MIL. wheel; taktische: wheeling man|oeuvre (Am. -euver); der Filmkamera: pan; fig. change of heart; POL. change of alignment
    2. (völlige Umkehrung) about-turn, volte-face
    * * *
    die Schwenkung
    caracole
    * * *
    Schwẹn|kung ['ʃvɛŋkʊŋ]
    f -, -en
    swing; (MIL) wheel; (von Kran) slewing, swing; (von Geschütz) traverse; (von Kamera) pan(ning)

    eine Schwenkung vollziehen (Mil) — to wheel; (fig) to swing around

    * * *
    (a change in public opinion etc: a swing away from the government.) swing
    * * *
    Schwen·kung
    <-, -en>
    f s. Schwenk
    * * *
    1. swivel; Kran: slewing, US sluing; MIL wheel; taktische: wheeling manoeuvre (US -euver); der Filmkamera: pan; fig change of heart; POL change of alignment
    2. (völlige Umkehrung) about-turn, volte-face

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Schwenkung

  • 6 swing

    [swɪŋ] past tense, past participle swung [swaŋ]
    1. verb
    1) to (cause to) move or sway in a curve (from side to side or forwards and backwards) from a fixed point:

    He swung the load on to his shoulder.

    يتأرْجَح
    2) to walk with a stride:

    He swung along the road.

    يَسير بِخُطوات واسِعَه
    3) to turn suddenly:

    He is hoping to swing the voters in his favour.

    يُدير
    2. noun
    1) an act, period, or manner, of swinging:

    Most golfers would like to improve their swing.

    تأرجُح، حَرَكَة نَشِطَه
    2) a swinging movement:

    the swing of the dancers' skirts.

    إهْتِزاز
    3) a strong dancing rhythm:

    The music should be played with a swing.

    إيقاع سَريع، سوينْغ

    a swing away from the government.

    تَغَيُّر سَريع في الرأي العام
    5) a seat for swinging, hung on ropes or chains from a supporting frame etc.
    أرجوحَه

    Arabic-English dictionary > swing

  • 7 мнение

    opinion (за of, по on), view, thought(s); persuasion, judgment; verdict
    обществено мнение public/popular opinion, climate
    общото мнение е, че the general feeling is that
    мнение, което се споделя от всички a generally shared view
    въпрос на мнение a matter of opinion
    ще ти кажа мнението си по въпроса I'll tell you my thoughts on the matter
    по мое мнение in my opinion/judgment, to my mind, to my thinking
    по мое лично мнение in my private opinion
    на мнение съм, че be of the opinion that, take the view that
    на същото мнение сме be of the same mind, be of a mind, see eye to eye
    на вашето мнение съм I am one with you
    на различни мнения сме с be at variance with, take different views, not see eye to eye
    давам мнение за give o.'s opinion on, pass judgment on, pass a judgment/a verdict on
    съставям си мнение за form an opinion on, разг. size up
    съставям си мнение за някого appraise s.o., разг. have/get/know/take the length of s.o.'s foot
    променям си мнението change o.'s opinion, think better
    никой не ти иска мнението you may keep your remarks to yourself
    оставам на особено мнение make reservations, record o.'s dissent
    имам добро/високо мнение за have/hold a high opinion of, think highly/much/well/sl. no end/the world of
    имат добро мнение за него he is highly spoken of
    имам високо мнение за себе си have a high opinion of o.s., have a good conceit of o.s., presume, fancy o.s., think no end of o.s., разг. think no small beer of o.s.
    нямам особено добро мнение за not think much of, not hold of much account
    имам лошо мнение за have a low opinion of, think little/nothing/meanly/badly/poorly of, have no opinion of
    изразявам мнението на speak for
    * * *
    мнѐние,
    ср., -я opinion (за of, по on), view, thought(s); persuasion, judgement; verdict; разг. bet; давам \мнениее за give o.’s opinion on, pass a judgement/a verdict on; изразявам \мнениеето на speak for; имам високо \мнениее за себе си be a swelled head; swell with importance; have a good conceit of o.s., presume, fancy o.s., think no end of o.s., разг. think no small beer of o.s.; имам добро/високо \мнениее за have/hold a high opinion of, think highly/much/well; имам друго \мнениее take (quite) a different view; имам лошо \мнениее за have a low opinion of, think little/nothing/meanly/badly/poorly of, have no opinion of; \мнениее, което се споделя от всички a generally shared view; на вашето \мнениее съм I am one with you; на \мнениее съм, че be of the opinion that, take the view that; на различни \мнениея сме с be at variance with, take different views; на същото \мнениее сме be of the same mind, see eye to eye, be at one (with s.o.); не може да има две \мнениея по въпроса there are no two ways about it; нека всеки си остане на своето \мнениее let’s agree to disagree/differ; никой не ти иска \мнениеето you may keep your remarks to yourself; нямам особено добро \мнениее за not think much of; обществено \мнениее public opinion, climate; общото \мнениее е, че the general feeling is that; особено \мнениее reservation; protest (in writing); ( отразено в протокол) a minute of dissent; оставам на особено \мнениее make reservations, record o.’s dissent; по мое \мнениее in my opinion/judgement/book, to my mind, to my thinking; според моето скромно \мнениее in my poor opinion; съставям си \мнениее за някого appraise s.o., get/have s.o.’s measure/the measure of s.o, разг. have/get/know/take the length of s.o.’s foot; това е моето \мнениее по въпроса this is my view of the matter.
    * * *
    mind: Did you change your мнение? - Промени ли си мнението?; advice; idea; notion; opinion: in my poor мнение - по моето скромно мнение; outlook; persuasion; pronouncement; reading; say; the popular verdict (общото); thinking; verdict; view; voice
    * * *
    1. (отразено в протокол) a minute of dissent 2. opinion (за of, по on), view, thought(s);persuasion, judgment;verdict 3. МНЕНИЕ, което се споделя от всички a generally shared view 4. вземам и друго МНЕНИЕ get an outside opinion 5. въпрос на МНЕНИЕ a matter of opinion 6. давам МНЕНИЕ за give o.'s opinion on, pass judgment on, pass a judgment/a verdict on 7. изразявам МНЕНИЕто на speak for 8. имам високо МНЕНИЕ за себе си have a high opinion of o.s., have a good conceit of o.s., presume, fancy o.s., think no end of o.s., разг. think no small beer of o.s. 9. имам добро/високо МНЕНИЕ за have/hold a high opinion of, think highly/much/well/sl. no end/the world of 10. имам друго МНЕНИЕ I think otherwise 11. имам лошо МНЕНИЕ за have a low opinion of, think little/nothing/meanly/badly/poorly of, have no opinion of 12. имат добро МНЕНИЕ за него he is highly spoken of 13. на МНЕНИЕ съм, че be of the opinion that, take the view that 14. на вашето МНЕНИЕ съм I am one with you 15. на различни мнения сме с be at variance with, take different views, not see eye to eye 16. на същото МНЕНИЕ сме be of the same mind, be of a mind, see eye to eye 17. не може да има две мнения по въпроса there are no two ways about it 18. никой не ти иска МНЕНИЕто you may keep your remarks to yourself 19. нямам особено добро МНЕНИЕ за not think much of, not hold of much account 20. обществено МНЕНИЕ public/popular opinion, climate 21. общото МНЕНИЕ е, че the general feeling is that 22. особено МНЕНИЕ reservation;protest (in writing) 23. оставам на особено МНЕНИЕ make reservations, record o.'s dissent 24. по мое МНЕНИЕ in my opinion/judgment, to my mind, to my thinking 25. по мое лично МНЕНИЕ in my private opinion 26. променям си МНЕНИЕто change o.'s opinion, think better 27. според моето скромно МНЕНИЕ in my poor opinion 28. съставям си МНЕНИЕ за form an opinion on, разг. size up 29. съставям си МНЕНИЕ за някого appraise s.о., разг. have/get/know/take the length of s.o.'s foot 30. ще ти кажа МНЕНИЕто си по въпроса I'll tell you my thoughts on the matter

    Български-английски речник > мнение

  • 8 Meinung

    f opinion ( über + Akk of, about, on); meiner Meinung nach oder nach meiner Meinung in my opinion; der Meinung sein, dass... think ( oder believe oder be of the opinion) that...; ich bin auch der Meinung, dass... I agree that..., I also think ( oder believe) that...; eine Meinung äußern express ( oder put forward) an opinion; derselben / anderer Meinung sein think the same / think differently, agree / disagree; ganz meine Meinung! I quite (Am. totally) agree; seine Meinung ändern change one’s opinion; (es sich anders überlegen) change one’s mind; sich (Dat) eine Meinung bilden form an opinion ( über + Akk on, about); eine hohe / schlechte Meinung von jemandem / etw. haben have a high / low opinion of s.o. / s.th.; ich habe keine Meinung dazu I don’t really have any opinion ( oder thoughts Pl.) on the matter; ich habe dazu eine dezidierte Meinung my mind is quite made up on the subject; die Meinungen sind geteilt opinions are divided; die allgemeine Meinung geht dahin, dass... the general opinion is that..., the conventional wisdom is that...; jemandem ( gehörig) die Meinung sagen give s.o. a piece of one’s mind; öffentlich I, vorgefasst
    * * *
    die Meinung
    (Ansicht) opinion; sentiment; thinking; notion; view;
    (Beurteilung) estimation
    * * *
    Mei|nung ['mainʊŋ]
    f -, -en
    opinion; (= Anschauung auch) view; (= Urteil) judgement, estimation

    eine vorgefasste Méínung — a preconceived idea

    nach meiner Méínung, meiner Méínung nach — in my opinion or view

    ich bin der Méínung, dass... — I'm of the opinion that..., I take the view that...

    eine/keine hohe Méínung von jdm/etw haben — to think/not to think highly of sb/sth, to have a high/low opinion of sb/sth

    seine Méínung ändern — to change one's opinion or mind

    einer Méínung sein — to share the same opinion, to think the same

    geteilter Méínung sein — to have different opinions

    was ist Ihre Méínung dazu? — what's your opinion or view (about or on that)?

    von seiner Méínung eingenommen sein — to be opinionated

    ganz meine Méínung! — I completely agree!, hear, hear!

    das ist auch meine Méínung! — that's just what I think

    jdm ( kräftig or vernünftig) die Méínung sagen (inf) — to give sb a piece of one's mind (inf)

    * * *
    die
    1) (opinion; belief: I have an idea that it won't work.) idea
    2) (what a person thinks or believes: My opinions about education have changed.) opinion
    3) (what one thinks of the worth or value of someone or something: I have a very high opinion of his work.) opinion
    * * *
    Mei·nung
    <-, -en>
    [ˈmainʊŋ]
    f opinion; (Anschauung a.) view
    geteilte \Meinungen differing opinions [or views]
    geteilter \Meinung sein to have differing opinions [or views]
    was diesen Punkt angeht, gehen die \Meinungen auseinander opinions differ on this point
    ähnlicher/anderer \Meinung sein to be of a similar/different opinion
    bestimmte \Meinungen zu etw dat haben to have certain opinions [or views] on sth
    eine eigene \Meinung haben to have an opinion of one's own
    [nicht] der gleichen \Meinung sein to [not] share the same opinion [or view]
    die öffentliche \Meinung public opinion [or sentiment], the vox populi liter
    dieser \Meinung sein to be of [or share] this opinion [or view]
    einer \Meinung sein to share the same opinion [or view], to think the same, to be of the same [or of one] mind
    jds \Meinung [zu etw dat] kennen to know sb's opinion [on sth] [or view [of [or on] sth]], to know what sb says [on sth]/thinks [of sth]
    ▪ nach jds \Meinung, jds \Meinung nach in sb's opinion [or view], in the opinion [or view] of sb, to sb's way of thinking
    seine \Meinung ändern to change one's mind [or opinion]
    seine \Meinung beibehalten, bei seiner \Meinung bleiben to stick to [or form persist in] one's opinion
    der \Meinung sein, dass... to be of the opinion [or take the view] that...
    jdm die \Meinung sagen (fam) to give sb a piece of one's mind fam
    jds \Meinung sein to be [just] what sb thinks
    genau meine \Meinung! exactly what I thought!
    * * *
    die; Meinung, Meinungen opinion (zu on, über + Akk. about)

    eine vorgefasste/gegenteilige Meinung haben — have preconceived ideas pl./hold an opposite opinion

    anderer/geteilter Meinung sein — be of a different opinion/differing opinions pl.; hold a different view/differing views pl.

    nach meiner Meinung, meiner Meinung nach — in my opinion or view

    einer Meinung sein — be of or share the same opinion

    jemandem [gehörig] die Meinung sagen — give somebody a [good] piece of one's mind

    * * *
    Meinung f opinion (
    über +akk of, about, on);
    nach meiner Meinung in my opinion;
    der Meinung sein, dass … think ( oder believe oder be of the opinion) that …;
    ich bin auch der Meinung, dass … I agree that …, I also think ( oder believe) that …;
    eine Meinung äußern express ( oder put forward) an opinion;
    derselben/anderer Meinung sein think the same/think differently, agree/disagree;
    ganz meine Meinung! I quite (US totally) agree;
    seine Meinung ändern change one’s opinion; (es sich anders überlegen) change one’s mind;
    sich (dat)
    eine Meinung bilden form an opinion (
    über +akk on, about);
    eine hohe/schlechte Meinung von jemandem/etwas haben have a high/low opinion of sb/sth;
    ich habe keine Meinung dazu I don’t really have any opinion ( oder thoughts pl) on the matter;
    ich habe dazu eine dezidierte Meinung my mind is quite made up on the subject;
    die Meinungen sind geteilt opinions are divided;
    die allgemeine Meinung geht dahin, dass … the general opinion is that …, the conventional wisdom is that …;
    jemandem (gehörig) die Meinung sagen give sb a piece of one’s mind; → öffentlich A, vorgefasst
    * * *
    die; Meinung, Meinungen opinion (zu on, über + Akk. about)

    eine vorgefasste/gegenteilige Meinung haben — have preconceived ideas pl./hold an opposite opinion

    anderer/geteilter Meinung sein — be of a different opinion/differing opinions pl.; hold a different view/differing views pl.

    nach meiner Meinung, meiner Meinung nach — in my opinion or view

    einer Meinung sein — be of or share the same opinion

    jemandem [gehörig] die Meinung sagen — give somebody a [good] piece of one's mind

    * * *
    -en f.
    idea n.
    mind n.
    opinion n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Meinung

  • 9 opinione

    f opinion
    secondo la tua opinione in your opinion
    * * *
    opinione s.f. opinion: opinione fondata, arbitraria, grounded, arbitrary opinion; opinione pubblica, public opinion; secondo l'opinione degli esperti, in the opinion of the experts; secondo la mia modesta opinione, in my humble opinion; avere un'opinione in merito a qlcu., qlco., to hold (o to have) an opinion about s.o., sthg.; avere una buona, cattiva opinione di qlcu., qlco., to have a good, bad opinion of s.o., sthg.; avere il coraggio delle proprie opinioni, to have the courage of one's convictions; avere un'alta opinione di sé, to have a high opinion of oneself; cambiare opinione, to change one's opinion; ( cambiare idea) to change one's mind; condividere l'opinione di qlcu., to share s.o.'s opinion (o to agree with s.o.); imporre la propria opinione a qlcu., to impose one's opinion on s.o.; sono dell'opinione che non tornerà mai, I am of the opinion that he will never come back; farsi, formarsi un'opinione su qlcu., qlco., to form an opinion of (o on) s.o., sthg. // articolo di opinione, opinion column // (dir.) opinione concordante, dissenziente, ( del giudice con la maggioranza della corte) concurring, dissenting opinion.
    * * *
    [opi'njone]
    sostantivo femminile opinion, idea, view, belief

    avere una buona, cattiva opinione di — to have a high, low opinion of

    cambiare opinione — to change one's mind (su about), to revise one's opinion (su of)

    avere un'alta opinione di sé — to have a high o no mean opinion of oneself

    farsi un'opinione — to form, arise an opinion (su on, about)

    scambio di -i — exchange (of opinions), discussion

    * * *
    opinione
    /opi'njone/
    sostantivo f.
    opinion, idea, view, belief; essere dell'opinione che to be of the opinion that; avere una buona, cattiva opinione di to have a high, low opinion of; cambiare opinione to change one's mind (su about), to revise one's opinion (su of); avere un'alta opinione di sé to have a high o no mean opinion of oneself; farsi un'opinione to form, arise an opinion (su on, about); secondo la mia opinione in my opinion o view; scambio di -i exchange (of opinions), discussion
    \
    opinione pubblica public opinion.

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > opinione

  • 10 мнение мнени·е

    1) opinion, (point of) view; (суждение) estimation, judgement, verdict; (отношение) sentiment(s); (голос) voice

    иметь право выразить своё мнение (при решении какого-л. вопроса) — to have a voice (in)

    изложить своё мнение по какому-л. вопросу — to state / to set forward one's opinion / views on smth.

    иметь одинаковое мнение — to be of the same opinion, to see eye to eye

    обменяться мнениями — to exchange opinions / views

    оказывать влияние на чьё-л.мнение — to bias smb.'s opinion

    остаться при своём мнении — to agree to differ, to remain in the same opinion

    полагаться на чьё-л. мнение — to defer to smb.'s opinion

    придерживаться мнения — to adhere / to stick to the opinion, to take the view

    придерживаться того мнения, что... — to take the view that...

    проиграть в чьём-л. мнении — to sink in smb.'s opinion

    расходиться во мнениях — to be out of lockstep (with), to split, to differ in opinions, to discord (with smb. on)

    согласовывать мнения — to accommodate opinions / views

    соглашаться с мнением — to accept / to endorse (smb.'s) opinion, to fall in with (smb.'s) views

    сообщить кому-л. мнение — to communicate an opinion

    составить мнение — to form a judgement / opinion / estimate

    авторитетное мнение — authorittive / competent / expert / weighty opinion

    беспристрастное мнение — neutral / unbiased opinion, impartial judgement

    единое мнение — common view, agreement of opinion

    приходить к единому мнению — to arrive at the unanimous conclusion / at a common view

    нелестное мнение — unflattering / uncomplimentary opinion

    быть нелестного мнения — to have / to hold an unflattering / uncomplimentary opinion (of)

    общее мнение — general opinion / feeling views

    выразить несогласие с общим мнением — to express (one's) disagreement / dissent with the general view

    выразить общее мнение — to give voice to the general opinion; to express / to state mutual opinion

    по общему мнению — according to / by all accounts

    общественное мнение — public opinion / sentiment

    зондировать общественное мнение — to sound out / to make a survey of public opinion

    направлять общественное мнение — to canalize / to channel public opinion

    презирать общественное мнение — to defy / to disregard public opinion

    лицо, проводящее опрос общественного мнения — sanction of public opinion

    определённое мнение — settled / decided / definite opinion

    предвзятое, пристрастное мнение — onesided / biassed / preconceived opinion / notion

    преобладающее мнение — predominant view, dominant say

    распространённое мнение — diffused / widespread opinion

    ходячее мнение — prevailing / general opinion

    частное мнение — private opinion, particular view

    несогласие с чьим-л. мнением — dissent from an opinion

    откровенный обмен мнениями — frank exchange of opinions / views, show-down of opinions

    свободный обмен мнениями — free exchange of opinions / ideas

    обеспечивать свободный / беспрепятственный обмен мнениями — to guarantee the smooth working of the debate

    по мнению сторон (формулировка, используемая в коммюнике, соглашениях и т.п.) — in the opinion of the Sides

    Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > мнение мнени·е

  • 11 Meinung

    Meinung f GEN view, opinion, thinking, point of view • anderer Meinung sein GEN be of a different opinion, take a different view • bei seiner Meinung bleiben GEN sit tight • eine andere Meinung vertreten GEN be of a different opinion, take a different view • eine Meinung äußern POL deliver an opinion, express an opinion • meiner bescheidenen Meinung nach COMP, KOMM in my humble opinion, IMHO (Internet) • meiner Meinung nach COMP, KOMM in my opinion, IMO (Internet) • seine Meinung äußern GEN air one’s opinions
    * * *
    f < Geschäft> view, opinion, thinking, point of view ■ anderer Meinung sein < Geschäft> be of a different opinion, take a different view ■ bei seiner Meinung bleiben < Geschäft> sit tight ■ eine andere Meinung vertreten < Geschäft> be of a different opinion, take a different view ■ eine Meinung äußern < Pol> deliver an opinion, express an opinion ■ meiner bescheidenen Meinung nach <Comp, Komm> internet in my humble opinion (IMHO) ■ meiner Meinung nach <Comp, Komm> internet in my opinion (IMO) ■ seine Meinung äußern < Geschäft> air one's opinions
    * * *
    Meinung
    mind, opinion, [point of] view, ground;
    • entgegen einer weit verbreiteten Meinung contrary to the widely held view;
    • nach Meinung der Sachverständigen in the opinion of the experts;
    • ohne Rücksicht auf die öffentliche Meinung heedless of public opinion;
    • vor den Schranken der öffentlichen Meinung at the bar of public opinion;
    • abweichende Meinung dissenting (separate) opinion, dissent;
    • allgemeine Meinung widespread opinion;
    • einhellige Meinung common consent, concurrence of opinion;
    • herrschende Meinung received opinion (doctrine), prevailing opinion;
    • konträre Meinungen opposing opinions;
    • maßgebliche Meinung opinion of official quarters;
    • öffentliche Meinung public opinion (sentiment), vox populi (lat.), Mrs. Grundy (Br.);
    • weit verbreitete Meinung widely held opinion;
    • vorgefasste Meinung bias, prejudice[d opinion];
    • in der Begründung zustimmende Meinung concurrent opinion (US);
    • Meinung der Schriftleitung editorial view;
    • Meinungen der Zeitgenossen latter-day opinions;
    • seine Meinung abgeben to put forward an opinion;
    • öffentliche Meinung abschätzen to gauge public opinion;
    • seine abweichende Meinung ändern to change one=s opinion (ground), to shift in one=s mind;
    • sich einer Meinung anschließen to accede to an opinion;
    • öffentliche Meinung beeinflussen to bias the opinion of the people, to manufacture public opinion;
    • seine persönliche Meinung zum Ausdruck bringen to give one=s own personal views;
    • sich in Gegensatz zur öffentlichen Meinung bringen to place o. s. in opposition to public opinion;
    • Meinung der Sitzungsteilnehmer einholen to take the census of a meeting;
    • Meinung der breiten Masse erforschen to go down to grass-root views;
    • noch keine feste Meinung haben to have no settled opinion;
    • öffentliche Meinung auf seiner Seite haben to have public sentiment in one=s pocket;
    • Übereinstimmung in der öffentlichen Meinung herbeiführen to line up public opinion;
    • Meinungen der Sitzungsteilnehmer auseinander gehen lassen to divide the meeting;
    • sich die öffentliche Meinung dienstbar machen to exploit public opinion;
    • öffentliche Meinung mobilisieren (mobil machen) to mobilize public sentiments;
    • von der öffentlichen Meinung keine Notiz nehmen to sail against the wind;
    • in der Frage einer Tarifänderung geteilter Meinung sein to divide upon tariff revision;
    • mit der öffentlichen Meinung übereinstimmen to be in harmony with public opinion;
    • öffentliche Meinung widerspiegeln to reflect (be a reflex of) public opinion;
    • Meinung einer Menschenmenge wiedergeben to voice the feelings of the crowd.

    Business german-english dictionary > Meinung

  • 12 revirement

    revirement [ʀ(ə)viʀmɑ̃]
    masculine noun
    ( = changement d'avis) change of mind ; ( = changement brusque) [de tendances] reversal
    * * *
    ʀ(ə)viʀmɑ̃
    nom masculin (de situation, politique, d'opinion) turnaround (de in)

    revirement total — U-turn GB, flip-flop US

    * * *
    ʀ(ə)viʀmɑ̃ nm
    2) [situation] reversal
    * * *
    revirement nm (de situation, politique, d'opinion) turnaround (de in); revirement total U-turn GB, flip-flop US.
    [rəvirmɑ̃] nom masculin
    [changement - d'avis] about-face, change of mind ; [ - de situation] turnaround, about-face, sudden turn

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > revirement

  • 13 smuovere

    shift, move
    * * *
    smuovere v.tr.
    1 to shift, to move, to budge, to displace: hanno smosso l'armadio per imbiancare la parete, they shifted the cupboard to whitewash the wall; non riuscirono a smuovere il masso, they could not move (o shift o budge) the boulder // smuovere l'intestino, to move one's bowels // smuovere il terreno, to plough (o to turn over) the ground // smuovere le acque, (fig.) to cause a stir (o to stir things up)
    2 (fig.) ( dissuadere) to dissuade, to deter, to budge: non riuscimmo a smuoverlo dal suo proposito, we could not budge him from his plan; se ha deciso, è difficile smuoverlo, once he has made up his mind it is difficult to dissuade (o to deter) him // smuovere l'opinione pubblica, to stir up (o to arouse) public opinion
    3 (fig.) ( commuovere) to move, to affect, to touch: le vostre preghiere non lo smuoveranno, your prayers will not move (o touch) him.
    ◘ smuoversi v.rifl.
    1 (fig.) ( mutar proposito) to change one's mind, to be diverted: non si smosse dalla sua decisione, he did not change his mind
    2 (non com.) (fig.) ( commuoversi) to be moved, to be touched, to be affected: non si smosse alle loro lacrime, he was not moved by their tears
    ◆ v.intr.pron. to move, to budge: per quanti sforzi facessero, il macigno non si smosse, despite their efforts the boulder would not move.
    * * *
    1. ['zmwɔvere]
    vb irreg vt
    (oggetto) to move, shift, (fig : persona: scuotere) to rouse, stir, (dissuadere)

    smuovere qn da qc — to dissuade o deter sb from sth

    (fig : persona: scuotersi) to rouse o.s.

    (dissuadersi) smuoversi da qc — to change one's mind about sth

    * * *
    ['zmwɔvere] 1.
    verbo transitivo
    1) (spostare) to move, to shift, to budge
    2) (rivoltare) to turn over [ terra]
    3) fig. (dissuadere) to budge, to dissuade (da from)
    4) fig. (scuotere) to arouse, to stir
    2.
    verbo pronominale smuoversi
    1) (spostarsi) to move, to budge
    2) (recedere) to change one's mind
    * * *
    smuovere
    /'zmwɔvere/ [62]
     1 (spostare) to move, to shift, to budge
     2 (rivoltare) to turn over [ terra]
     3 fig. (dissuadere) to budge, to dissuade (da from)
     4 fig. (scuotere) to arouse, to stir; smuovere l'opinione pubblica to shake public opinion
    II smuoversi verbo pronominale
     1 (spostarsi) to move, to budge
     2 (recedere) to change one's mind.

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > smuovere

  • 14 spostare

    ( rimandare) postpone
    * * *
    spostare v.tr.
    1 to move, to shift, to displace: spostare un letto, una sedia, to move a bed, a chair; spostare l'accento, to shift the accent; spostare una parola, to change the position of a word; spostare il proprio interesse su un altro argomento, to shift one's interest to another subject; (amm.) spostare un impiegato da un ufficio a un altro, to transfer (o to move) an employee from an office to another; (fin.) spostare i propri investimenti da un titolo a un altro, to switch one's investment from one security to another
    2 ( cambiare) to change: vorrei spostare l'orario delle mie lezioni, I should like to change my timetable; spostare l'orario di lavoro, to change one's working hours; (mus.) spostare di tono, to change tone
    3 ( differire) to postpone, to defer, to put* off: gli esami sono stati spostati a ottobre, the exams have been postponed to October
    4 (chim.) to displace
    5 (inform.) to shift; ( carta, scheda) to move.
    ◘ spostarsi v.rifl. o intr.pron. to move, to shift; ( cambiare sede) to change one's place, to change one's office: il lavoro mi costringe a spostarmi continuamente, my job obliges me to be always on the move; spostati, non ci vedo!, move, I can't see!; spostati, fammi passare!, out of the way, let me pass!
    * * *
    [spos'tare]
    1. vt
    1) (gen) to move, (mobile) to move, shift
    2) (cambiare: orario, data) to change

    hanno spostato la partenza di qualche giorno — they postponed o put off their departure for a few days

    * * *
    [spos'tare] 1.
    verbo transitivo
    1) (nello spazio) to move [oggetto, persona, testa]

    spostare l'orologio avanti, indietro di un'ora — to put one's watch forward, back an hour

    2) (nel tempo) to move [ riunione]; to change [ data]
    3) (trasferire) to change [ residenza]; to change round [ operaio]; to move [ truppe]
    4) fig. (volgere a un ambito diverso) to shift [dibattito, attenzione]; to divert [ conversazione]; to swing [ voti]
    2.
    verbo pronominale spostarsi
    1) (cambiare posto) to shift, to move

    spostati, per favore! — will you please move!

    spostatevi, arriva l'ambulanza — move out of the way, here's the ambulance

    l'opinione pubblica si è spostata a destra — fig. public opinion has moved to the right

    -rsi in macchina, in bicicletta — to get about by car, by bike

    * * *
    spostare
    /spos'tare/ [1]
     1 (nello spazio) to move [oggetto, persona, testa]; spostare l'orologio avanti, indietro di un'ora to put one's watch forward, back an hour
     2 (nel tempo) to move [ riunione]; to change [ data]; la partita è spostata a lunedì prossimo the match is postponed to next Monday
     3 (trasferire) to change [ residenza]; to change round [ operaio]; to move [ truppe]; spostare il peso da un piede all'altro to shift one's weight from one foot to the other
     4 fig. (volgere a un ambito diverso) to shift [dibattito, attenzione]; to divert [ conversazione]; to swing [ voti]
    II spostarsi verbo pronominale
     1 (cambiare posto) to shift, to move; spostati, per favore! will you please move! spostatevi, arriva l'ambulanza move out of the way, here's the ambulance; l'opinione pubblica si è spostata a destra fig. public opinion has moved to the right
     2 (viaggiare) -rsi in macchina, in bicicletta to get about by car, by bike; non si sposta più tanto facilmente he's not as mobile as he was; ti sposti spesso per affari? do you get about much in your job?

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > spostare

  • 15 variation

    variation [vaʀjasjɔ̃]
    feminine noun
       a. ( = écart, changement) variation (de in)
    * * *
    vaʀjasjɔ̃
    1) ( changement) variation

    variation à la baisse/à la hausse — downward/upward movement

    connaître de fortes variations — [prix, températures] to fluctuate considerably

    2) Musique variation
    * * *
    vaʀjasjɔ̃ nf
    1) (= écart) variation
    2) (= évolution) changing no pl change
    3) MUSIQUE variation
    * * *
    1 ( changement) variation (de in); variation de température variation in temperature; variations cycliques/régulières cyclic/regular variations; variation à la baisse/à la hausse downward/upward movement; variations de l'opinion publique changes in public opinion; variations de l'état d'un malade changes in a patient's condition; variation de l'orthographe au cours des siècles changes in spelling over the centuries; connaître de fortes variations [prix, températures] to fluctuate considerably;
    2 Mus variation; variations pour piano variations for piano; le film propose une nouvelle variation sur (le thème de) l'exil fig the film puts forward a new variation on (the theme of) exile.
    variations saisonnières Écon seasonally adjusted figures; en données corrigées des variations saisonnières according to the seasonally adjusted figures.
    [varjasjɔ̃] nom féminin
    1. [fluctuation] variation, change
    variation d'intensité/de poids variation in intensity/weight
    pour vos plantes, attention aux variations de température your plants do not like changes in temperature
    ————————
    variations nom féminin pluriel
    [modifications] changes, modifications

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > variation

  • 16 Historical Portugal

       Before Romans described western Iberia or Hispania as "Lusitania," ancient Iberians inhabited the land. Phoenician and Greek trading settlements grew up in the Tagus estuary area and nearby coasts. Beginning around 202 BCE, Romans invaded what is today southern Portugal. With Rome's defeat of Carthage, Romans proceeded to conquer and rule the western region north of the Tagus, which they named Roman "Lusitania." In the fourth century CE, as Rome's rule weakened, the area experienced yet another invasion—Germanic tribes, principally the Suevi, who eventually were Christianized. During the sixth century CE, the Suevi kingdom was superseded by yet another Germanic tribe—the Christian Visigoths.
       A major turning point in Portugal's history came in 711, as Muslim armies from North Africa, consisting of both Arab and Berber elements, invaded the Iberian Peninsula from across the Straits of Gibraltar. They entered what is now Portugal in 714, and proceeded to conquer most of the country except for the far north. For the next half a millennium, Islam and Muslim presence in Portugal left a significant mark upon the politics, government, language, and culture of the country.
       Islam, Reconquest, and Portugal Created, 714-1140
       The long frontier struggle between Muslim invaders and Christian communities in the north of the Iberian peninsula was called the Reconquista (Reconquest). It was during this struggle that the first dynasty of Portuguese kings (Burgundian) emerged and the independent monarchy of Portugal was established. Christian forces moved south from what is now the extreme north of Portugal and gradually defeated Muslim forces, besieging and capturing towns under Muslim sway. In the ninth century, as Christian forces slowly made their way southward, Christian elements were dominant only in the area between Minho province and the Douro River; this region became known as "territorium Portu-calense."
       In the 11th century, the advance of the Reconquest quickened as local Christian armies were reinforced by crusading knights from what is now France and England. Christian forces took Montemor (1034), at the Mondego River; Lamego (1058); Viseu (1058); and Coimbra (1064). In 1095, the king of Castile and Léon granted the country of "Portu-cale," what became northern Portugal, to a Burgundian count who had emigrated from France. This was the foundation of Portugal. In 1139, a descendant of this count, Afonso Henriques, proclaimed himself "King of Portugal." He was Portugal's first monarch, the "Founder," and the first of the Burgundian dynasty, which ruled until 1385.
       The emergence of Portugal in the 12th century as a separate monarchy in Iberia occurred before the Christian Reconquest of the peninsula. In the 1140s, the pope in Rome recognized Afonso Henriques as king of Portugal. In 1147, after a long, bloody siege, Muslim-occupied Lisbon fell to Afonso Henriques's army. Lisbon was the greatest prize of the 500-year war. Assisting this effort were English crusaders on their way to the Holy Land; the first bishop of Lisbon was an Englishman. When the Portuguese captured Faro and Silves in the Algarve province in 1248-50, the Reconquest of the extreme western portion of the Iberian peninsula was complete—significantly, more than two centuries before the Spanish crown completed the Reconquest of the eastern portion by capturing Granada in 1492.
       Consolidation and Independence of Burgundian Portugal, 1140-1385
       Two main themes of Portugal's early existence as a monarchy are the consolidation of control over the realm and the defeat of a Castil-ian threat from the east to its independence. At the end of this period came the birth of a new royal dynasty (Aviz), which prepared to carry the Christian Reconquest beyond continental Portugal across the straits of Gibraltar to North Africa. There was a variety of motives behind these developments. Portugal's independent existence was imperiled by threats from neighboring Iberian kingdoms to the north and east. Politics were dominated not only by efforts against the Muslims in
       Portugal (until 1250) and in nearby southern Spain (until 1492), but also by internecine warfare among the kingdoms of Castile, Léon, Aragon, and Portugal. A final comeback of Muslim forces was defeated at the battle of Salado (1340) by allied Castilian and Portuguese forces. In the emerging Kingdom of Portugal, the monarch gradually gained power over and neutralized the nobility and the Church.
       The historic and commonplace Portuguese saying "From Spain, neither a good wind nor a good marriage" was literally played out in diplomacy and war in the late 14th-century struggles for mastery in the peninsula. Larger, more populous Castile was pitted against smaller Portugal. Castile's Juan I intended to force a union between Castile and Portugal during this era of confusion and conflict. In late 1383, Portugal's King Fernando, the last king of the Burgundian dynasty, suddenly died prematurely at age 38, and the Master of Aviz, Portugal's most powerful nobleman, took up the cause of independence and resistance against Castile's invasion. The Master of Aviz, who became King João I of Portugal, was able to obtain foreign assistance. With the aid of English archers, Joao's armies defeated the Castilians in the crucial battle of Aljubarrota, on 14 August 1385, a victory that assured the independence of the Portuguese monarchy from its Castilian nemesis for several centuries.
       Aviz Dynasty and Portugal's First Overseas Empire, 1385-1580
       The results of the victory at Aljubarrota, much celebrated in Portugal's art and monuments, and the rise of the Aviz dynasty also helped to establish a new merchant class in Lisbon and Oporto, Portugal's second city. This group supported King João I's program of carrying the Reconquest to North Africa, since it was interested in expanding Portugal's foreign commerce and tapping into Muslim trade routes and resources in Africa. With the Reconquest against the Muslims completed in Portugal and the threat from Castile thwarted for the moment, the Aviz dynasty launched an era of overseas conquest, exploration, and trade. These efforts dominated Portugal's 15th and 16th centuries.
       The overseas empire and age of Discoveries began with Portugal's bold conquest in 1415 of the Moroccan city of Ceuta. One royal member of the 1415 expedition was young, 21-year-old Prince Henry, later known in history as "Prince Henry the Navigator." His part in the capture of Ceuta won Henry his knighthood and began Portugal's "Marvelous Century," during which the small kingdom was counted as a European and world power of consequence. Henry was the son of King João I and his English queen, Philippa of Lancaster, but he did not inherit the throne. Instead, he spent most of his life and his fortune, and that of the wealthy military Order of Christ, on various imperial ventures and on voyages of exploration down the African coast and into the Atlantic. While mythology has surrounded Henry's controversial role in the Discoveries, and this role has been exaggerated, there is no doubt that he played a vital part in the initiation of Portugal's first overseas empire and in encouraging exploration. He was naturally curious, had a sense of mission for Portugal, and was a strong leader. He also had wealth to expend; at least a third of the African voyages of the time were under his sponsorship. If Prince Henry himself knew little science, significant scientific advances in navigation were made in his day.
       What were Portugal's motives for this new imperial effort? The well-worn historical cliche of "God, Glory, and Gold" can only partly explain the motivation of a small kingdom with few natural resources and barely 1 million people, which was greatly outnumbered by the other powers it confronted. Among Portuguese objectives were the desire to exploit known North African trade routes and resources (gold, wheat, leather, weaponry, and other goods that were scarce in Iberia); the need to outflank the Muslim world in the Mediterranean by sailing around Africa, attacking Muslims en route; and the wish to ally with Christian kingdoms beyond Africa. This enterprise also involved a strategy of breaking the Venetian spice monopoly by trading directly with the East by means of discovering and exploiting a sea route around Africa to Asia. Besides the commercial motives, Portugal nurtured a strong crusading sense of Christian mission, and various classes in the kingdom saw an opportunity for fame and gain.
       By the time of Prince Henry's death in 1460, Portugal had gained control of the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeiras, begun to colonize the Cape Verde Islands, failed to conquer the Canary Islands from Castile, captured various cities on Morocco's coast, and explored as far as Senegal, West Africa, down the African coast. By 1488, Bar-tolomeu Dias had rounded the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and thereby discovered the way to the Indian Ocean.
       Portugal's largely coastal African empire and later its fragile Asian empire brought unexpected wealth but were purchased at a high price. Costs included wars of conquest and defense against rival powers, manning the far-flung navel and trade fleets and scattered castle-fortresses, and staffing its small but fierce armies, all of which entailed a loss of skills and population to maintain a scattered empire. Always short of capital, the monarchy became indebted to bankers. There were many defeats beginning in the 16th century at the hands of the larger imperial European monarchies (Spain, France, England, and Holland) and many attacks on Portugal and its strung-out empire. Typically, there was also the conflict that arose when a tenuously held world empire that rarely if ever paid its way demanded finance and manpower Portugal itself lacked.
       The first 80 years of the glorious imperial era, the golden age of Portugal's imperial power and world influence, was an African phase. During 1415-88, Portuguese navigators and explorers in small ships, some of them caravelas (caravels), explored the treacherous, disease-ridden coasts of Africa from Morocco to South Africa beyond the Cape of Good Hope. By the 1470s, the Portuguese had reached the Gulf of Guinea and, in the early 1480s, what is now Angola. Bartolomeu Dias's extraordinary voyage of 1487-88 to South Africa's coast and the edge of the Indian Ocean convinced Portugal that the best route to Asia's spices and Christians lay south, around the tip of southern Africa. Between 1488 and 1495, there was a hiatus caused in part by domestic conflict in Portugal, discussion of resources available for further conquests beyond Africa in Asia, and serious questions as to Portugal's capacity to reach beyond Africa. In 1495, King Manuel and his council decided to strike for Asia, whatever the consequences. In 1497-99, Vasco da Gama, under royal orders, made the epic two-year voyage that discovered the sea route to western India (Asia), outflanked Islam and Venice, and began Portugal's Asian empire. Within 50 years, Portugal had discovered and begun the exploitation of its largest colony, Brazil, and set up forts and trading posts from the Middle East (Aden and Ormuz), India (Calicut, Goa, etc.), Malacca, and Indonesia to Macau in China.
       By the 1550s, parts of its largely coastal, maritime trading post empire from Morocco to the Moluccas were under siege from various hostile forces, including Muslims, Christians, and Hindi. Although Moroccan forces expelled the Portuguese from the major coastal cities by 1550, the rival European monarchies of Castile (Spain), England, France, and later Holland began to seize portions of her undermanned, outgunned maritime empire.
       In 1580, Phillip II of Spain, whose mother was a Portuguese princess and who had a strong claim to the Portuguese throne, invaded Portugal, claimed the throne, and assumed control over the realm and, by extension, its African, Asian, and American empires. Phillip II filled the power vacuum that appeared in Portugal following the loss of most of Portugal's army and its young, headstrong King Sebastião in a disastrous war in Morocco. Sebastiao's death in battle (1578) and the lack of a natural heir to succeed him, as well as the weak leadership of the cardinal who briefly assumed control in Lisbon, led to a crisis that Spain's strong monarch exploited. As a result, Portugal lost its independence to Spain for a period of 60 years.
       Portugal under Spanish Rule, 1580-1640
       Despite the disastrous nature of Portugal's experience under Spanish rule, "The Babylonian Captivity" gave birth to modern Portuguese nationalism, its second overseas empire, and its modern alliance system with England. Although Spain allowed Portugal's weakened empire some autonomy, Spanish rule in Portugal became increasingly burdensome and unacceptable. Spain's ambitious imperial efforts in Europe and overseas had an impact on the Portuguese as Spain made greater and greater demands on its smaller neighbor for manpower and money. Portugal's culture underwent a controversial Castilianization, while its empire became hostage to Spain's fortunes. New rival powers England, France, and Holland attacked and took parts of Spain's empire and at the same time attacked Portugal's empire, as well as the mother country.
       Portugal's empire bore the consequences of being attacked by Spain's bitter enemies in what was a form of world war. Portuguese losses were heavy. By 1640, Portugal had lost most of its Moroccan cities as well as Ceylon, the Moluccas, and sections of India. With this, Portugal's Asian empire was gravely weakened. Only Goa, Damão, Diu, Bombay, Timor, and Macau remained and, in Brazil, Dutch forces occupied the northeast.
       On 1 December 1640, long commemorated as a national holiday, Portuguese rebels led by the duke of Braganza overthrew Spanish domination and took advantage of Spanish weakness following a more serious rebellion in Catalonia. Portugal regained independence from Spain, but at a price: dependence on foreign assistance to maintain its independence in the form of the renewal of the alliance with England.
       Restoration and Second Empire, 1640-1822
       Foreign affairs and empire dominated the restoration era and aftermath, and Portugal again briefly enjoyed greater European power and prestige. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance was renewed and strengthened in treaties of 1642, 1654, and 1661, and Portugal's independence from Spain was underwritten by English pledges and armed assistance. In a Luso-Spanish treaty of 1668, Spain recognized Portugal's independence. Portugal's alliance with England was a marriage of convenience and necessity between two monarchies with important religious, cultural, and social differences. In return for legal, diplomatic, and trade privileges, as well as the use during war and peace of Portugal's great Lisbon harbor and colonial ports for England's navy, England pledged to protect Portugal and its scattered empire from any attack. The previously cited 17th-century alliance treaties were renewed later in the Treaty of Windsor, signed in London in 1899. On at least 10 different occasions after 1640, and during the next two centuries, England was central in helping prevent or repel foreign invasions of its ally, Portugal.
       Portugal's second empire (1640-1822) was largely Brazil-oriented. Portuguese colonization, exploitation of wealth, and emigration focused on Portuguese America, and imperial revenues came chiefly from Brazil. Between 1670 and 1740, Portugal's royalty and nobility grew wealthier on funds derived from Brazilian gold, diamonds, sugar, tobacco, and other crops, an enterprise supported by the Atlantic slave trade and the supply of African slave labor from West Africa and Angola. Visitors today can see where much of that wealth was invested: Portugal's rich legacy of monumental architecture. Meanwhile, the African slave trade took a toll in Angola and West Africa.
       In continental Portugal, absolutist monarchy dominated politics and government, and there was a struggle for position and power between the monarchy and other institutions, such as the Church and nobility. King José I's chief minister, usually known in history as the marquis of Pombal (ruled 1750-77), sharply suppressed the nobility and the
       Church (including the Inquisition, now a weak institution) and expelled the Jesuits. Pombal also made an effort to reduce economic dependence on England, Portugal's oldest ally. But his successes did not last much beyond his disputed time in office.
       Beginning in the late 18th century, the European-wide impact of the French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon placed Portugal in a vulnerable position. With the monarchy ineffectively led by an insane queen (Maria I) and her indecisive regent son (João VI), Portugal again became the focus of foreign ambition and aggression. With England unable to provide decisive assistance in time, France—with Spain's consent—invaded Portugal in 1807. As Napoleon's army under General Junot entered Lisbon meeting no resistance, Portugal's royal family fled on a British fleet to Brazil, where it remained in exile until 1821. In the meantime, Portugal's overseas empire was again under threat. There was a power vacuum as the monarch was absent, foreign armies were present, and new political notions of liberalism and constitutional monarchy were exciting various groups of citizens.
       Again England came to the rescue, this time in the form of the armies of the duke of Wellington. Three successive French invasions of Portugal were defeated and expelled, and Wellington succeeded in carrying the war against Napoleon across the Portuguese frontier into Spain. The presence of the English army, the new French-born liberal ideas, and the political vacuum combined to create revolutionary conditions. The French invasions and the peninsular wars, where Portuguese armed forces played a key role, marked the beginning of a new era in politics.
       Liberalism and Constitutional Monarchy, 1822-1910
       During 1807-22, foreign invasions, war, and civil strife over conflicting political ideas gravely damaged Portugal's commerce, economy, and novice industry. The next terrible blow was the loss of Brazil in 1822, the jewel in the imperial crown. Portugal's very independence seemed to be at risk. In vain, Portugal sought to resist Brazilian independence by force, but in 1825 it formally acknowledged Brazilian independence by treaty.
       Portugal's slow recovery from the destructive French invasions and the "war of independence" was complicated by civil strife over the form of constitutional monarchy that best suited Portugal. After struggles over these issues between 1820 and 1834, Portugal settled somewhat uncertainly into a moderate constitutional monarchy whose constitution (Charter of 1826) lent it strong political powers to exert a moderating influence between the executive and legislative branches of the government. It also featured a new upper middle class based on land ownership and commerce; a Catholic Church that, although still important, lived with reduced privileges and property; a largely African (third) empire to which Lisbon and Oporto devoted increasing spiritual and material resources, starting with the liberal imperial plans of 1836 and 1851, and continuing with the work of institutions like the Lisbon Society of Geography (established 1875); and a mass of rural peasants whose bonds to the land weakened after 1850 and who began to immigrate in increasing numbers to Brazil and North America.
       Chronic military intervention in national politics began in 19th-century Portugal. Such intervention, usually commencing with coups or pronunciamentos (military revolts), was a shortcut to the spoils of political office and could reflect popular discontent as well as the power of personalities. An early example of this was the 1817 golpe (coup) attempt of General Gomes Freire against British military rule in Portugal before the return of King João VI from Brazil. Except for a more stable period from 1851 to 1880, military intervention in politics, or the threat thereof, became a feature of the constitutional monarchy's political life, and it continued into the First Republic and the subsequent Estado Novo.
       Beginning with the Regeneration period (1851-80), Portugal experienced greater political stability and economic progress. Military intervention in politics virtually ceased; industrialization and construction of railroads, roads, and bridges proceeded; two political parties (Regenerators and Historicals) worked out a system of rotation in power; and leading intellectuals sparked a cultural revival in several fields. In 19th-century literature, there was a new golden age led by such figures as Alexandre Herculano (historian), Eça de Queirós (novelist), Almeida Garrett (playwright and essayist), Antero de Quental (poet), and Joaquim Oliveira Martins (historian and social scientist). In its third overseas empire, Portugal attempted to replace the slave trade and slavery with legitimate economic activities; to reform the administration; and to expand Portuguese holdings beyond coastal footholds deep into the African hinterlands in West, West Central, and East Africa. After 1841, to some extent, and especially after 1870, colonial affairs, combined with intense nationalism, pressures for economic profit in Africa, sentiment for national revival, and the drift of European affairs would make or break Lisbon governments.
       Beginning with the political crisis that arose out of the "English Ultimatum" affair of January 1890, the monarchy became discredtted and identified with the poorly functioning government, political parties splintered, and republicanism found more supporters. Portugal participated in the "Scramble for Africa," expanding its African holdings, but failed to annex territory connecting Angola and Mozambique. A growing foreign debt and state bankruptcy as of the early 1890s damaged the constitutional monarchy's reputation, despite the efforts of King Carlos in diplomacy, the renewal of the alliance in the Windsor Treaty of 1899, and the successful if bloody colonial wars in the empire (1880-97). Republicanism proclaimed that Portugal's weak economy and poor society were due to two historic institutions: the monarchy and the Catholic Church. A republic, its stalwarts claimed, would bring greater individual liberty; efficient, if more decentralized government; and a stronger colonial program while stripping the Church of its role in both society and education.
       As the monarchy lost support and republicans became more aggressive, violence increased in politics. King Carlos I and his heir Luís were murdered in Lisbon by anarchist-republicans on 1 February 1908. Following a military and civil insurrection and fighting between monarchist and republican forces, on 5 October 1910, King Manuel II fled Portugal and a republic was proclaimed.
       First Parliamentary Republic, 1910-26
       Portugal's first attempt at republican government was the most unstable, turbulent parliamentary republic in the history of 20th-century Western Europe. During a little under 16 years of the republic, there were 45 governments, a number of legislatures that did not complete normal terms, military coups, and only one president who completed his four-year term in office. Portuguese society was poorly prepared for this political experiment. Among the deadly legacies of the monarchy were a huge public debt; a largely rural, apolitical, and illiterate peasant population; conflict over the causes of the country's misfortunes; and lack of experience with a pluralist, democratic system.
       The republic had some talented leadership but lacked popular, institutional, and economic support. The 1911 republican constitution established only a limited democracy, as only a small portion of the adult male citizenry was eligible to vote. In a country where the majority was Catholic, the republic passed harshly anticlerical laws, and its institutions and supporters persecuted both the Church and its adherents. During its brief disjointed life, the First Republic drafted important reform plans in economic, social, and educational affairs; actively promoted development in the empire; and pursued a liberal, generous foreign policy. Following British requests for Portugal's assistance in World War I, Portugal entered the war on the Allied side in March 1916 and sent armies to Flanders and Portuguese Africa. Portugal's intervention in that conflict, however, was too costly in many respects, and the ultimate failure of the republic in part may be ascribed to Portugal's World War I activities.
       Unfortunately for the republic, its time coincided with new threats to Portugal's African possessions: World War I, social and political demands from various classes that could not be reconciled, excessive military intervention in politics, and, in particular, the worst economic and financial crisis Portugal had experienced since the 16th and 17th centuries. After the original Portuguese Republican Party (PRP, also known as the "Democrats") splintered into three warring groups in 1912, no true multiparty system emerged. The Democrats, except for only one or two elections, held an iron monopoly of electoral power, and political corruption became a major issue. As extreme right-wing dictatorships elsewhere in Europe began to take power in Italy (1922), neighboring Spain (1923), and Greece (1925), what scant popular support remained for the republic collapsed. Backed by a right-wing coalition of landowners from Alentejo, clergy, Coimbra University faculty and students, Catholic organizations, and big business, career military officers led by General Gomes da Costa executed a coup on 28 May 1926, turned out the last republican government, and established a military government.
       The Estado Novo (New State), 1926-74
       During the military phase (1926-32) of the Estado Novo, professional military officers, largely from the army, governed and administered Portugal and held key cabinet posts, but soon discovered that the military possessed no magic formula that could readily solve the problems inherited from the First Republic. Especially during the years 1926-31, the military dictatorship, even with its political repression of republican activities and institutions (military censorship of the press, political police action, and closure of the republic's rowdy parliament), was characterized by similar weaknesses: personalism and factionalism; military coups and political instability, including civil strife and loss of life; state debt and bankruptcy; and a weak economy. "Barracks parliamentarism" was not an acceptable alternative even to the "Nightmare Republic."
       Led by General Óscar Carmona, who had replaced and sent into exile General Gomes da Costa, the military dictatorship turned to a civilian expert in finance and economics to break the budget impasse and bring coherence to the disorganized system. Appointed minister of finance on 27 April 1928, the Coimbra University Law School professor of economics Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970) first reformed finance, helped balance the budget, and then turned to other concerns as he garnered extraordinary governing powers. In 1930, he was appointed interim head of another key ministry (Colonies) and within a few years had become, in effect, a civilian dictator who, with the military hierarchy's support, provided the government with coherence, a program, and a set of policies.
       For nearly 40 years after he was appointed the first civilian prime minister in 1932, Salazar's personality dominated the government. Unlike extreme right-wing dictators elsewhere in Europe, Salazar was directly appointed by the army but was never endorsed by a popular political party, street militia, or voter base. The scholarly, reclusive former Coimbra University professor built up what became known after 1932 as the Estado Novo ("New State"), which at the time of its overthrow by another military coup in 1974, was the longest surviving authoritarian regime in Western Europe. The system of Salazar and the largely academic and technocratic ruling group he gathered in his cabinets was based on the central bureaucracy of the state, which was supported by the president of the republic—always a senior career military officer, General Óscar Carmona (1928-51), General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58), and Admiral Américo Tómaz (1958-74)—and the complicity of various institutions. These included a rubber-stamp legislature called the National Assembly (1935-74) and a political police known under various names: PVDE (1932-45), PIDE (1945-69),
       and DGS (1969-74). Other defenders of the Estado Novo security were paramilitary organizations such as the National Republican Guard (GNR); the Portuguese Legion (PL); and the Portuguese Youth [Movement]. In addition to censorship of the media, theater, and books, there was political repression and a deliberate policy of depoliticization. All political parties except for the approved movement of regime loyalists, the União Nacional or (National Union), were banned.
       The most vigorous and more popular period of the New State was 1932-44, when the basic structures were established. Never monolithic or entirely the work of one person (Salazar), the New State was constructed with the assistance of several dozen top associates who were mainly academics from law schools, some technocrats with specialized skills, and a handful of trusted career military officers. The 1933 Constitution declared Portugal to be a "unitary, corporative Republic," and pressures to restore the monarchy were resisted. Although some of the regime's followers were fascists and pseudofascists, many more were conservative Catholics, integralists, nationalists, and monarchists of different varieties, and even some reactionary republicans. If the New State was authoritarian, it was not totalitarian and, unlike fascism in Benito Mussolini's Italy or Adolf Hitler's Germany, it usually employed the minimum of violence necessary to defeat what remained a largely fractious, incoherent opposition.
       With the tumultuous Second Republic and the subsequent civil war in nearby Spain, the regime felt threatened and reinforced its defenses. During what Salazar rightly perceived as a time of foreign policy crisis for Portugal (1936-45), he assumed control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From there, he pursued four basic foreign policy objectives: supporting the Nationalist rebels of General Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) and concluding defense treaties with a triumphant Franco; ensuring that General Franco in an exhausted Spain did not enter World War II on the Axis side; maintaining Portuguese neutrality in World War II with a post-1942 tilt toward the Allies, including granting Britain and the United States use of bases in the Azores Islands; and preserving and protecting Portugal's Atlantic Islands and its extensive, if poor, overseas empire in Africa and Asia.
       During the middle years of the New State (1944-58), many key Salazar associates in government either died or resigned, and there was greater social unrest in the form of unprecedented strikes and clandestine Communist activities, intensified opposition, and new threatening international pressures on Portugal's overseas empire. During the earlier phase of the Cold War (1947-60), Portugal became a steadfast, if weak, member of the US-dominated North Atlantic Treaty Organization alliance and, in 1955, with American support, Portugal joined the United Nations (UN). Colonial affairs remained a central concern of the regime. As of 1939, Portugal was the third largest colonial power in the world and possessed territories in tropical Africa (Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, and São Tomé and Príncipe Islands) and the remnants of its 16th-century empire in Asia (Goa, Damão, Diu, East Timor, and Macau). Beginning in the early 1950s, following the independence of India in 1947, Portugal resisted Indian pressures to decolonize Portuguese India and used police forces to discourage internal opposition in its Asian and African colonies.
       The later years of the New State (1958-68) witnessed the aging of the increasingly isolated but feared Salazar and new threats both at home and overseas. Although the regime easily overcame the brief oppositionist threat from rival presidential candidate General Humberto Delgado in the spring of 1958, new developments in the African and Asian empires imperiled the authoritarian system. In February 1961, oppositionists hijacked the Portuguese ocean liner Santa Maria and, in following weeks, African insurgents in northern Angola, although they failed to expel the Portuguese, gained worldwide media attention, discredited the New State, and began the 13-year colonial war. After thwarting a dissident military coup against his continued leadership, Salazar and his ruling group mobilized military repression in Angola and attempted to develop the African colonies at a faster pace in order to ensure Portuguese control. Meanwhile, the other European colonial powers (Britain, France, Belgium, and Spain) rapidly granted political independence to their African territories.
       At the time of Salazar's removal from power in September 1968, following a stroke, Portugal's efforts to maintain control over its colonies appeared to be successful. President Americo Tomás appointed Dr. Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor as prime minister. While maintaining the New State's basic structures, and continuing the regime's essential colonial policy, Caetano attempted wider reforms in colonial administration and some devolution of power from Lisbon, as well as more freedom of expression in Lisbon. Still, a great deal of the budget was devoted to supporting the wars against the insurgencies in Africa. Meanwhile in Asia, Portuguese India had fallen when the Indian army invaded in December 1961. The loss of Goa was a psychological blow to the leadership of the New State, and of the Asian empire only East Timor and Macau remained.
       The Caetano years (1968-74) were but a hiatus between the waning Salazar era and a new regime. There was greater political freedom and rapid economic growth (5-6 percent annually to late 1973), but Caetano's government was unable to reform the old system thoroughly and refused to consider new methods either at home or in the empire. In the end, regime change came from junior officers of the professional military who organized the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) against the Caetano government. It was this group of several hundred officers, mainly in the army and navy, which engineered a largely bloodless coup in Lisbon on 25 April 1974. Their unexpected action brought down the 48-year-old New State and made possible the eventual establishment and consolidation of democratic governance in Portugal, as well as a reorientation of the country away from the Atlantic toward Europe.
       Revolution of Carnations, 1974-76
       Following successful military operations of the Armed Forces Movement against the Caetano government, Portugal experienced what became known as the "Revolution of Carnations." It so happened that during the rainy week of the military golpe, Lisbon flower shops were featuring carnations, and the revolutionaries and their supporters adopted the red carnation as the common symbol of the event, as well as of the new freedom from dictatorship. The MFA, whose leaders at first were mostly little-known majors and captains, proclaimed a three-fold program of change for the new Portugal: democracy; decolonization of the overseas empire, after ending the colonial wars; and developing a backward economy in the spirit of opportunity and equality. During the first 24 months after the coup, there was civil strife, some anarchy, and a power struggle. With the passing of the Estado Novo, public euphoria burst forth as the new provisional military government proclaimed the freedoms of speech, press, and assembly, and abolished censorship, the political police, the Portuguese Legion, Portuguese Youth, and other New State organizations, including the National Union. Scores of political parties were born and joined the senior political party, the Portuguese Community Party (PCP), and the Socialist Party (PS), founded shortly before the coup.
       Portugal's Revolution of Carnations went through several phases. There was an attempt to take control by radical leftists, including the PCP and its allies. This was thwarted by moderate officers in the army, as well as by the efforts of two political parties: the PS and the Social Democrats (PPD, later PSD). The first phase was from April to September 1974. Provisional president General Antonio Spínola, whose 1974 book Portugal and the Future had helped prepare public opinion for the coup, met irresistible leftist pressures. After Spinola's efforts to avoid rapid decolonization of the African empire failed, he resigned in September 1974. During the second phase, from September 1974 to March 1975, radical military officers gained control, but a coup attempt by General Spínola and his supporters in Lisbon in March 1975 failed and Spínola fled to Spain.
       In the third phase of the Revolution, March-November 1975, a strong leftist reaction followed. Farm workers occupied and "nationalized" 1.1 million hectares of farmland in the Alentejo province, and radical military officers in the provisional government ordered the nationalization of Portuguese banks (foreign banks were exempted), utilities, and major industries, or about 60 percent of the economic system. There were power struggles among various political parties — a total of 50 emerged—and in the streets there was civil strife among labor, military, and law enforcement groups. A constituent assembly, elected on 25 April 1975, in Portugal's first free elections since 1926, drafted a democratic constitution. The Council of the Revolution (CR), briefly a revolutionary military watchdog committee, was entrenched as part of the government under the constitution, until a later revision. During the chaotic year of 1975, about 30 persons were killed in political frays while unstable provisional governments came and went. On 25 November 1975, moderate military forces led by Colonel Ramalho Eanes, who later was twice elected president of the republic (1976 and 1981), defeated radical, leftist military groups' revolutionary conspiracies.
       In the meantime, Portugal's scattered overseas empire experienced a precipitous and unprepared decolonization. One by one, the former colonies were granted and accepted independence—Guinea-Bissau (September 1974), Cape Verde Islands (July 1975), and Mozambique (July 1975). Portugal offered to turn over Macau to the People's Republic of China, but the offer was refused then and later negotiations led to the establishment of a formal decolonization or hand-over date of 1999. But in two former colonies, the process of decolonization had tragic results.
       In Angola, decolonization negotiations were greatly complicated by the fact that there were three rival nationalist movements in a struggle for power. The January 1975 Alvor Agreement signed by Portugal and these three parties was not effectively implemented. A bloody civil war broke out in Angola in the spring of 1975 and, when Portuguese armed forces withdrew and declared that Angola was independent on 11 November 1975, the bloodshed only increased. Meanwhile, most of the white Portuguese settlers from Angola and Mozambique fled during the course of 1975. Together with African refugees, more than 600,000 of these retornados ("returned ones") went by ship and air to Portugal and thousands more to Namibia, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, and the United States.
       The second major decolonization disaster was in Portugal's colony of East Timor in the Indonesian archipelago. Portugal's capacity to supervise and control a peaceful transition to independence in this isolated, neglected colony was limited by the strength of giant Indonesia, distance from Lisbon, and Portugal's revolutionary disorder and inability to defend Timor. In early December 1975, before Portugal granted formal independence and as one party, FRETILIN, unilaterally declared East Timor's independence, Indonesia's armed forces invaded, conquered, and annexed East Timor. Indonesian occupation encountered East Timorese resistance, and a heavy loss of life followed. The East Timor question remained a contentious international issue in the UN, as well as in Lisbon and Jakarta, for more than 20 years following Indonesia's invasion and annexation of the former colony of Portugal. Major changes occurred, beginning in 1998, after Indonesia underwent a political revolution and allowed a referendum in East Timor to decide that territory's political future in August 1999. Most East Timorese chose independence, but Indonesian forces resisted that verdict until
       UN intervention in September 1999. Following UN rule for several years, East Timor attained full independence on 20 May 2002.
       Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-2000
       After several free elections and record voter turnouts between 25 April 1975 and June 1976, civil war was averted and Portugal's second democratic republic began to stabilize. The MFA was dissolved, the military were returned to the barracks, and increasingly elected civilians took over the government of the country. The 1976 Constitution was revised several times beginning in 1982 and 1989, in order to reempha-size the principle of free enterprise in the economy while much of the large, nationalized sector was privatized. In June 1976, General Ram-alho Eanes was elected the first constitutional president of the republic (five-year term), and he appointed socialist leader Dr. Mário Soares as prime minister of the first constitutional government.
       From 1976 to 1985, Portugal's new system featured a weak economy and finances, labor unrest, and administrative and political instability. The difficult consolidation of democratic governance was eased in part by the strong currency and gold reserves inherited from the Estado Novo, but Lisbon seemed unable to cope with high unemployment, new debt, the complex impact of the refugees from Africa, world recession, and the agitation of political parties. Four major parties emerged from the maelstrom of 1974-75, except for the Communist Party, all newly founded. They were, from left to right, the Communists (PCP); the Socialists (PS), who managed to dominate governments and the legislature but not win a majority in the Assembly of the Republic; the Social Democrats (PSD); and the Christian Democrats (CDS). During this period, the annual growth rate was low (l-2 percent), and the nationalized sector of the economy stagnated.
       Enhanced economic growth, greater political stability, and more effective central government as of 1985, and especially 1987, were due to several developments. In 1977, Portugal applied for membership in the European Economic Community (EEC), now the European Union (EU) since 1993. In January 1986, with Spain, Portugal was granted membership, and economic and financial progress in the intervening years has been significantly influenced by the comparatively large investment, loans, technology, advice, and other assistance from the EEC. Low unemployment, high annual growth rates (5 percent), and moderate inflation have also been induced by the new political and administrative stability in Lisbon. Led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva, an economist who was trained abroad, the PSD's strong organization, management, and electoral support since 1985 have assisted in encouraging economic recovery and development. In 1985, the PSD turned the PS out of office and won the general election, although they did not have an absolute majority of assembly seats. In 1986, Mário Soares was elected president of the republic, the first civilian to hold that office since the First Republic. In the elections of 1987 and 1991, however, the PSD was returned to power with clear majorities of over 50 percent of the vote.
       Although the PSD received 50.4 percent of the vote in the 1991 parliamentary elections and held a 42-seat majority in the Assembly of the Republic, the party began to lose public support following media revelations regarding corruption and complaints about Prime Minister Cavaco Silva's perceived arrogant leadership style. President Mário Soares voiced criticism of the PSD's seemingly untouchable majority and described a "tyranny of the majority." Economic growth slowed down. In the parliamentary elections of 1995 and the presidential election of 1996, the PSD's dominance ended for the time being. Prime Minister Antônio Guterres came to office when the PS won the October 1995 elections, and in the subsequent presidential contest, in January 1996, socialist Jorge Sampaio, the former mayor of Lisbon, was elected president of the republic, thus defeating Cavaco Silva's bid. Young and popular, Guterres moved the PS toward the center of the political spectrum. Under Guterres, the PS won the October 1999 parliamentary elections. The PS defeated the PSD but did not manage to win a clear, working majority of seats, and this made the PS dependent upon alliances with smaller parties, including the PCP.
       In the local elections in December 2001, the PSD's criticism of PS's heavy public spending allowed the PSD to take control of the key cities of Lisbon, Oporto, and Coimbra. Guterres resigned, and parliamentary elections were brought forward from 2004 to March 2002. The PSD won a narrow victory with 40 percent of the votes, and Jose Durão Barroso became prime minister. Having failed to win a majority of the seats in parliament forced the PSD to govern in coalition with the right-wing Popular Party (PP) led by Paulo Portas. Durão Barroso set about reducing government spending by cutting the budgets of local authorities, freezing civil service hiring, and reviving the economy by accelerating privatization of state-owned enterprises. These measures provoked a 24-hour strike by public-sector workers. Durão Barroso reacted with vows to press ahead with budget-cutting measures and imposed a wage freeze on all employees earning more than €1,000, which affected more than one-half of Portugal's work force.
       In June 2004, Durão Barroso was invited by Romano Prodi to succeed him as president of the European Commission. Durão Barroso accepted and resigned the prime ministership in July. Pedro Santana Lopes, the leader of the PSD, became prime minister. Already unpopular at the time of Durão Barroso's resignation, the PSD-led government became increasingly unpopular under Santana Lopes. A month-long delay in the start of the school year and confusion over his plan to cut taxes and raise public-sector salaries, eroded confidence even more. By November, Santana Lopes's government was so unpopular that President Jorge Sampaio was obliged to dissolve parliament and hold new elections, two years ahead of schedule.
       Parliamentary elections were held on 20 February 2005. The PS, which had promised the electorate disciplined and transparent governance, educational reform, the alleviation of poverty, and a boost in employment, won 45 percent of the vote and the majority of the seats in parliament. The leader of the PS, José Sôcrates became prime minister on 12 March 2005. In the regularly scheduled presidential elections held on 6 January 2006, the former leader of the PSD and prime minister, Aníbal Cavaco Silva, won a narrow victory and became president on 9 March 2006. With a mass protest, public teachers' strike, and street demonstrations in March 2008, Portugal's media, educational, and social systems experienced more severe pressures. With the spreading global recession beginning in September 2008, Portugal's economic and financial systems became more troubled.
       Owing to its geographic location on the southwestern most edge of continental Europe, Portugal has been historically in but not of Europe. Almost from the beginning of its existence in the 12th century as an independent monarchy, Portugal turned its back on Europe and oriented itself toward the Atlantic Ocean. After carving out a Christian kingdom on the western portion of the Iberian peninsula, Portuguese kings gradually built and maintained a vast seaborne global empire that became central to the way Portugal understood its individuality as a nation-state. While the creation of this empire allows Portugal to claim an unusual number of "firsts" or distinctions in world and Western history, it also retarded Portugal's economic, social, and political development. It can be reasonably argued that the Revolution of 25 April 1974 was the most decisive event in Portugal's long history because it finally ended Portugal's oceanic mission and view of itself as an imperial power. After the 1974 Revolution, Portugal turned away from its global mission and vigorously reoriented itself toward Europe. Contemporary Portugal is now both in and of Europe.
       The turn toward Europe began immediately after 25 April 1974. Portugal granted independence to its African colonies in 1975. It was admitted to the European Council and took the first steps toward accession to the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1976. On 28 March 1977, the Portuguese government officially applied for EEC membership. Because of Portugal's economic and social backwardness, which would require vast sums of EEC money to overcome, negotiations for membership were long and difficult. Finally, a treaty of accession was signed on 12 June 1985. Portugal officially joined the EEC (the European Union [EU] since 1993) on 1 January 1986. Since becoming a full-fledged member of the EU, Portugal has been steadily overcoming the economic and social underdevelopment caused by its imperial past and is becoming more like the rest of Europe.
       Membership in the EU has speeded up the structural transformation of Portugal's economy, which actually began during the Estado Novo. Investments made by the Estado Novo in Portugal's economy began to shift employment out of the agricultural sector, which, in 1950, accounted for 50 percent of Portugal's economically active population. Today, only 10 percent of the economically active population is employed in the agricultural sector (the highest among EU member states); 30 percent in the industrial sector (also the highest among EU member states); and 60 percent in the service sector (the lowest among EU member states). The economically active population numbers about 5,000,000 employed, 56 percent of whom are women. Women workers are the majority of the workforce in the agricultural and service sectors (the highest among the EU member states). The expansion of the service sector has been primarily in health care and education. Portugal has had the lowest unemployment rates among EU member states, with the overall rate never being more than 10 percent of the active population. Since joining the EU, the number of employers increased from 2.6 percent to 5.8 percent of the active population; self-employed from 16 to 19 percent; and employees from 65 to 70 percent. Twenty-six percent of the employers are women. Unemployment tends to hit younger workers in industry and transportation, women employed in domestic service, workers on short-term contracts, and poorly educated workers. Salaried workers earn only 63 percent of the EU average, and hourly workers only one-third to one-half of that earned by their EU counterparts. Despite having had the second highest growth of gross national product (GNP) per inhabitant (after Ireland) among EU member states, the above data suggest that while much has been accomplished in terms of modernizing the Portuguese economy, much remains to be done to bring Portugal's economy up to the level of the "average" EU member state.
       Membership in the EU has also speeded up changes in Portuguese society. Over the last 30 years, coastalization and urbanization have intensified. Fully 50 percent of Portuguese live in the coastal urban conurbations of Lisbon, Oporto, Braga, Aveiro, Coimbra, Viseu, Évora, and Faro. The Portuguese population is one of the oldest among EU member states (17.3 percent are 65 years of age or older) thanks to a considerable increase in life expectancy at birth (77.87 years for the total population, 74.6 years for men, 81.36 years for women) and one of the lowest birthrates (10.59 births/1,000) in Europe. Family size averages 2.8 persons per household, with the strict nuclear family (one or two generations) in which both parents work being typical. Common law marriages, cohabitating couples, and single-parent households are more and more common. The divorce rate has also increased. "Youth Culture" has developed. The young have their own meeting places, leisure-time activities, and nightlife (bars, clubs, and discos).
       All Portuguese citizens, whether they have contributed or not, have a right to an old-age pension, invalidity benefits, widowed persons' pension, as well as payments for disabilities, children, unemployment, and large families. There is a national minimum wage (€385 per month), which is low by EU standards. The rapid aging of Portugal's population has changed the ratio of contributors to pensioners to 1.7, the lowest in the EU. This has created deficits in Portugal's social security fund.
       The adult literacy rate is about 92 percent. Illiteracy is still found among the elderly. Although universal compulsory education up to grade 9 was achieved in 1980, only 21.2 percent of the population aged 25-64 had undergone secondary education, compared to an EU average of 65.7 percent. Portugal's higher education system currently consists of 14 state universities and 14 private universities, 15 state polytechnic institutions, one Catholic university, and one military academy. All in all, Portugal spends a greater percentage of its state budget on education than most EU member states. Despite this high level of expenditure, the troubled Portuguese education system does not perform well. Early leaving and repetition rates are among the highest among EU member states.
       After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Portugal created a National Health Service, which today consists of 221 hospitals and 512 medical centers employing 33,751 doctors and 41,799 nurses. Like its education system, Portugal's medical system is inefficient. There are long waiting lists for appointments with specialists and for surgical procedures.
       Structural changes in Portugal's economy and society mean that social life in Portugal is not too different from that in other EU member states. A mass consumption society has been created. Televisions, telephones, refrigerators, cars, music equipment, mobile phones, and personal computers are commonplace. Sixty percent of Portuguese households possess at least one automobile, and 65 percent of Portuguese own their own home. Portuguese citizens are more aware of their legal rights than ever before. This has resulted in a trebling of the number of legal proceeding since 1960 and an eight-fold increase in the number of lawyers. In general, Portuguese society has become more permissive and secular; the Catholic Church and the armed forces are much less influential than in the past. Portugal's population is also much more culturally, religiously, and ethnically diverse, a consequence of the coming to Portugal of hundreds of thousands of immigrants, mainly from former African colonies.
       Portuguese are becoming more cosmopolitan and sophisticated through the impact of world media, the Internet, and the World Wide Web. A prime case in point came in the summer and early fall of 1999, with the extraordinary events in East Timor and the massive Portuguese popular responses. An internationally monitored referendum in East Timor, Portugal's former colony in the Indonesian archipelago and under Indonesian occupation from late 1975 to summer 1999, resulted in a vote of 78.5 percent for rejecting integration with Indonesia and for independence. When Indonesian prointegration gangs, aided by the Indonesian military, responded to the referendum with widespread brutality and threatened to reverse the verdict of the referendum, there was a spontaneous popular outpouring of protest in the cities and towns of Portugal. An avalanche of Portuguese e-mail fell on leaders and groups in the UN and in certain countries around the world as Portugal's diplomats, perhaps to compensate for the weak initial response to Indonesian armed aggression in 1975, called for the protection of East Timor as an independent state and for UN intervention to thwart Indonesian action. Using global communications networks, the Portuguese were able to mobilize UN and world public opinion against Indonesian actions and aided the eventual independence of East Timor on 20 May 2002.
       From the Revolution of 25 April 1974 until the 1990s, Portugal had a large number of political parties, one of the largest Communist parties in western Europe, frequent elections, and endemic cabinet instability. Since the 1990s, the number of political parties has been dramatically reduced and cabinet stability increased. Gradually, the Portuguese electorate has concentrated around two larger parties, the right-of-center Social Democrats (PSD) and the left-of-center Socialist (PS). In the 1980s, these two parties together garnered 65 percent of the vote and 70 percent of the seats in parliament. In 2005, these percentages had risen to 74 percent and 85 percent, respectively. In effect, Portugal is currently a two-party dominant system in which the two largest parties — PS and PSD—alternate in and out of power, not unlike the rotation of the two main political parties (the Regenerators and the Historicals) during the last decades (1850s to 1880s) of the liberal constitutional monarchy. As Portugal's democracy has consolidated, turnout rates for the eligible electorate have declined. In the 1970s, turnout was 85 percent. In Portugal's most recent parliamentary election (2005), turnout had fallen to 65 percent of the eligible electorate.
       Portugal has benefited greatly from membership in the EU, and whatever doubts remain about the price paid for membership, no Portuguese government in the near future can afford to sever this connection. The vast majority of Portuguese citizens see membership in the EU as a "good thing" and strongly believe that Portugal has benefited from membership. Only the Communist Party opposed membership because it reduces national sovereignty, serves the interests of capitalists not workers, and suffers from a democratic deficit. Despite the high level of support for the EU, Portuguese voters are increasingly not voting in elections for the European Parliament, however. Turnout for European Parliament elections fell from 40 percent of the eligible electorate in the 1999 elections to 38 percent in the 2004 elections.
       In sum, Portugal's turn toward Europe has done much to overcome its backwardness. However, despite the economic, social, and political progress made since 1986, Portugal has a long way to go before it can claim to be on a par with the level found even in Spain, much less the rest of western Europe. As Portugal struggles to move from underde-velopment, especially in the rural areas away from the coast, it must keep in mind the perils of too rapid modern development, which could damage two of its most precious assets: its scenery and environment. The growth and future prosperity of the economy will depend on the degree to which the government and the private sector will remain stewards of clean air, soil, water, and other finite resources on which the tourism industry depends and on which Portugal's world image as a unique place to visit rests. Currently, Portugal is investing heavily in renewable energy from solar, wind, and wave power in order to account for about 50 percent of its electricity needs by 2010. Portugal opened the world's largest solar power plant and the world's first commercial wave power farm in 2006.
       An American documentary film on Portugal produced in the 1970s described this little country as having "a Past in Search of a Future." In the years after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, it could be said that Portugal is now living in "a Present in Search of a Future." Increasingly, that future lies in Europe as an active and productive member of the EU.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Historical Portugal

  • 17 Meinung

    Mei·nung <-, -en> [ʼmainʊŋ] f
    opinion; (Anschauung a.) view;
    geteilte \Meinungen differing opinions [or views];
    geteilter \Meinung sein to have differing opinions [or views];
    was diesen Punkt angeht, gehen die \Meinungen auseinander opinions differ on this point;
    ähnlicher/anderer \Meinung sein to be of a similar/different opinion;
    bestimmte \Meinungen zu etw haben to have certain opinions [or views] on sth;
    eine eigene \Meinung haben to have an opinion of one's own;
    [nicht] der gleichen \Meinung sein to [not] share the same opinion [or view];
    die öffentliche \Meinung public opinion [or sentiment], the vox populi ( liter)
    dieser \Meinung sein to be of [or share] this opinion [or view];
    einer \Meinung sein to share the same opinion [or view], to think the same, to be of the same [or of one] mind;
    jds \Meinung [zu etw] kennen to know sb's opinion [on sth] [or view [of [or on] sth]], to know what sb says [on sth]/thinks [of sth];
    nach jds \Meinung;
    jds \Meinung nach in sb's opinion [or view], in the opinion [or view] of sb, to sb's way of thinking;
    seine \Meinung ändern to change one's mind [or opinion];
    seine \Meinung beibehalten, bei seiner \Meinung bleiben to stick to [or ( form) persist in] one's opinion;
    der \Meinung sein, dass... to be of the opinion [or take the view] that...;
    jdm die \Meinung sagen ( fam) to give sb a piece of one's mind ( fam)
    jds \Meinung sein to be [just] what sb thinks;
    genau meine \Meinung! exactly what I thought!

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > Meinung

  • 18 mening

    1  opinion ⇒ view
    ♦voorbeelden:
    1   afwijkende mening • dissenting view/opinion
         naar mijn bescheiden mening • in my humble opinion
         de openbare mening • public opinion
         een uitgesproken mening hebben over iets • hold strong views about something
         de meningen zijn (sterk) verdeeld (over die kwestie) • opinions differ (greatly) (on that matter)
         ik geef mijn mening (graag) voor beter • I'm open to correction, that's my opinion for what it's worth
         zijn mening geven • give one's opinion/view(s)
         een mening hebben over • have/hold an opinion/a view about/on
         er een eigen mening op na houden • have an opinion/a view of one's own
         ik kan uw mening niet delen • I cannot share your opinion/view
         dezelfde mening toegedaan zijn • be of the same opinion, take the same view
         uiteenlopende meningen • differing opinions/views
         ronduit zijn mening zeggen • speak one's mind
         bij zijn mening blijven • stick to one's opinion
         in de mening verkeren dat … • be under the impression that …
         naar mijn mening • in my opinion/view, I think/feel
         van mening veranderen • change one's opinion/view(s)
         van mening zijn dat … • be of the opinion/take the view that …
         van mening verschillen • have/hold different views
         voor zijn mening durven uitkomen • stand up for one's opinion
         iemand zonder mening • 〈 politiek〉 a ‘don't-know’
         〈 in enquête〉 ja, nee, geen mening • yes, no, don't know

    Van Dale Handwoordenboek Nederlands-Engels > mening

  • 19 moldeador

    adj.
    molding, moulding, shaping.
    m.
    molder, shaper, moulder.
    * * *
    1 ARTE moulding (US molding)
    1 (de pelo) curling tongs plural
    ————————
    1 (de pelo) curling tongs plural
    * * *
    = moulder, shaper.
    Ex. The author discusses whether libraries still retain a function as agents of cultural change and moulders of public opinion.
    Ex. The article 'The serials librarian as a shaper of scholars and scholarship' discusses the problems encountered by users and the ways in which the serials librarian can help solve them.
    * * *
    = moulder, shaper.

    Ex: The author discusses whether libraries still retain a function as agents of cultural change and moulders of public opinion.

    Ex: The article 'The serials librarian as a shaper of scholars and scholarship' discusses the problems encountered by users and the ways in which the serials librarian can help solve them.

    * * *
    moldeador, -ora
    ♦ adj
    moulding
    ♦ nm,f
    moulder
    ♦ nm
    Esp [de pelo] hot (air) brush

    Spanish-English dictionary > moldeador

  • 20 sentir

    m.
    feelings, sentiments.
    v.
    1 to feel.
    sentimos mucha alegría/pena al enterarnos we were very happy/sad when we found out
    sin sentir without noticing
    Yo siento amargura I feel=sense bitterness.
    Ella siente también She feels, too.
    Yo sentí a Ricardo con mi mano I felt Richard with my hand.
    2 to regret, to be sorry about.
    sentimos mucho la muerte de su amigo we deeply regret the death of your friend
    siento que no puedas venir I'm sorry you can't come
    siento haberle hecho esperar sorry to keep you waiting
    lo siento (mucho) I'm (really) sorry
    3 to hear.
    4 to be sorry to, to feel sorry to.
    Yo siento irme I am sorry to go.
    5 to be sorry for.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ HERVIR], like link=hervir hervir
    1 (sentimiento) feeling
    2 (opinión) opinion, view
    1 (gen) to feel
    2 (lamentar) to regret, be sorry about, feel sorry
    3 (oír) to hear
    ■ ¿sientes algo? can you hear anything?
    4 (presentir) to feel, think, have a feeling that
    1 to feel
    \
    dejarse sentir / hacerse sentir figurado to make itself felt
    en mi sentir in my opinion
    ¡lo siento! I'm sorry!
    sentirse como en casa to feel at home
    sentirse con ánimos de hacer algo to feel like doing something, feel up to doing something
    sentirse mal to feel ill
    sin sentir just like that
    * * *
    verb
    2) feel sorry, regret
    •
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [+ emoción, sensación, dolor] to feel

    • dejarse sentir — to be felt

    • sentir hambre — to feel hungry

    • sentir pena por algn — to feel pity for sb, feel sorry for sb

    • sentir sed — to feel thirsty

    2) (=percibir) to sense
    3) [con otros sentidos]
    a) (=oír) to hear
    b) esp LAm [+ olor] to smell; [+ sabor] to taste

    ¿sientes el olor a quemado? — can you smell burning?

    4) (=presentir)
    5) [+ música, poesía] to have a feeling for
    6) (=lamentar) to be sorry about, regret más frm

    siento informarle que no ha sido seleccionado — I'm sorry to tell you that you haven't been selected, I regret to inform you that you haven't been selected más frm

    siento molestarlo, pero necesito su ayuda — I'm sorry to bother you, but I need your help

    • lo siento — I'm sorry

    lo siento muchísimo, ¡cuánto lo siento! — I'm so sorry

    • sentir que... — to be sorry that...

    2.
    3.
    See:
    * * *
    I 1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <dolor/pinchazo> to feel

    sentir hambre/frío/sed — to feel hungry/cold/thirsty

    b) < emoción> to feel
    c) ( presentir)
    2)
    a) ( oír) <ruido/disparo> to hear
    b) (esp AmL) ( percibir)

    le siento gusto a vainilla/ajo — I can taste vanilla/garlic

    3) ( lamentar)

    lo siento en el alma — I'm terribly sorry, I'm so sorry

    2.
    sentirse v pron
    1) (+ compl) to feel

    ¿te sientes bien? — are you feeling o do you feel all right?

    me siento mal — I don't feel well, I'm not feeling well

    me siento enfermo/peor — I feel ill/worse

    2) (Chi, Méx) ( ofenderse) to be offended o hurt

    sentirse CON alguien — to be offended o upset with somebody

    II
    masculino ( sentimiento) feelings (pl), emotions (pl); (opinión, postura) feeling, view
    * * *
    = be sorry, sentiment, have + a feeling, regret.
    Ex. I'm sorry to have disappointed you.
    Ex. The song may have been forgotten but among library users the sentiment lingers on = Puede que la canción se haya olvidado pero entre los usuarios de bibliotecas el sentimiento perdura.
    Ex. She had, suddenly, a new feeling, like a tardy response to the stimulus of an unfamiliar drug.
    Ex. Sir Walter Greg also half regretted 'that 'bibliology' is past praying for' since it defined the study more precisely than the accepted word.
    ----
    * decir que Uno se siente cómodo con Algo = express + comfort with.
    * decir que Uno se siente confortable con Algo = express + comfort with.
    * hacer que Alguien se sienta a gusto = put + Nombre + at ease.
    * hacer sentir = make + feel.
    * hacer sentir bien = make + Nombre + feel good.
    * hacer sentir la presencia de = make + Posesivo + presence felt.
    * hacer sentir mal = make + Nombre + feel bad.
    * hacer sentir orgulloso = make + Nombre + proud.
    * hacerse sentir = take + Posesivo + toll (on).
    * los efectos negativos se están dejando sentir ahora = chickens come home to roost.
    * nada sabe mejor que sentirse delgado = nothing tastes as good as thin feels.
    * ojos que no ven corazón que no siente = ignorance is bliss.
    * ojos que no ven corazón que no siente = out of sight out of mind.
    * recortes presupuestarios + hacerse sentir = budget cut + bite.
    * sentir ansiedad = feel + anxiety.
    * sentir aversión por = have + aversion to.
    * sentir cierta aprensión (por) = be apprehensive (about).
    * sentir claustrofobia = feel + claustrophobic.
    * sentir daño = feel + hurt.
    * sentir el deseo de = have + an/the inclination to, get + the urge to.
    * sentir entusiasmo por = be enamoured of/with.
    * sentir envidia = feel + jealous.
    * sentir envidia de = be envious of.
    * sentir hambre = be hungry, feel + hungry.
    * sentir hormigueo en la piel = tingle.
    * sentir la inclinación de = be inclined to.
    * sentir la necesidad de = feel + need for, feel + the need to, get + the urge to.
    * sentir la sensación = feel.
    * sentir las ganas de = get + the urge to.
    * sentir lástima por = feel + sorry for, commiserate (with).
    * sentir la tentación de = be tempted to.
    * sentir los efectos de = feel + the effects of.
    * sentir más ganas de hacer Algo = grow in + appetite.
    * sentir miedo = be in fear.
    * sentir motivación = have + motivation.
    * sentir obligación = feel + compulsion.
    * sentir pasión por = be passionate about.
    * sentir pena por = feel + sorry for.
    * sentir predilección por = be partial to.
    * sentir preferencia por = have + a preference for.
    * sentir que no tienen en cuenta a Alguien = feel + left out.
    * sentir remordimiento = feel + remorse.
    * sentir reticencia hacia = recoil.
    * sentirse = feel, feel + a sense of, feel like.
    * sentirse acorralado = Posesivo + back + be + against the wall.
    * sentirse afligido = feel + hurt.
    * sentirse a gusto = feel + at home, be at ease.
    * sentirse a gusto con = be comfortable with.
    * sentirse aislado = feel + left out.
    * sentirse aliviado = be relieved.
    * sentirse amenazado = feel + threatened.
    * sentirse atraído = be engaged.
    * sentirse atraído por = take + a fancy to, take + a shine to, take + a liking to, gravitate to(wards).
    * sentirse avergonzado = be ashamed, feel + embarrassed.
    * sentirse bien = feel + good, wellness, feel + right, get + high.
    * sentirse bien con Uno mismo = feel + right.
    * sentirse cansado = feel + tired.
    * sentirse cohibido = feel + shy.
    * sentirse cómodo con = be comfortable with.
    * sentirse como en casa = feel + at home, feel like + home (away) from home.
    * sentirse como flotando en las nubes = float on + air.
    * sentirse como nuevo = be right as rain.
    * sentirse como pez en el agua = take to + Nombre + like ducks to water.
    * sentirse confortable = be at ease.
    * sentirse confuso = feel at + sea, be all at sea.
    * sentirse cortado = self-conscious.
    * sentirse culpable = feel + guilty.
    * sentirse culpable por = feel + guilt over.
    * sentir sed = be thirsty.
    * sentirse de primera = feel + tip-top.
    * sentirse desalentado = be discouraged.
    * sentirse descontento con = experience + dissatisfaction with.
    * sentirse desilusionado = become + chagrined.
    * sentirse destrozado = be gutted, feel + gutted.
    * sentirse dolido = feel + hurt.
    * sentirse emocionado = be thrilled.
    * sentirse encantado = be thrilled.
    * sentirse en plena forma = feel + tip-top.
    * sentirse entusiasmado = be thrilled.
    * sentirse excelente = feel + tip-top.
    * sentirse fantástico = feel + tip-top.
    * sentirse fuera de lugar = feel + inadequate.
    * sentirse halagado por = be complimented by.
    * sentirse hecho polvo = be gutted, feel + gutted.
    * sentirse identificado = hit it off.
    * sentirse ignorado = feel + left out.
    * sentirse importante = feel + important.
    * sentirse inclinado a = be inclined to.
    * sentirse incómodo = look + uncomfortable.
    * sentirse incómodo con = be uncomfortable with, feel + uncomfortable with.
    * sentirse indignado (por) = be indignant (at).
    * sentirse indispuesto = feel under + the weather, be under the weather.
    * sentirse integrado = sense of belonging.
    * sentirse intimidado = be in awe.
    * sentirse mal = feel + bad, feel under + the weather, be under the weather, feel + wrong.
    * sentirse mal con Uno mismo = feel + wrong.
    * sentirse mareado = feel + giddy, feel + dizzy.
    * sentirse más seguro de = gain + confidence (with/in).
    * sentirse molesto = stir + uneasily, look + uncomfortable, feel + wrong.
    * sentirse molesto por = be embarrassed at.
    * sentirse ofendido = be aggrieved.
    * sentirse orgulloso = swell with + pride.
    * sentirse orgulloso de = be proud (of/to), take + pride in.
    * sentirse partícipe = sense of ownership.
    * sentirse perdido = be out of + Posesivo + depth, be in over + Posesivo + head, feel at + sea, be all at sea.
    * sentirse rechazado = feel + left out.
    * sentirse reconfortado = take + heart.
    * sentirse resentido = carry + a chip on + Posesivo + shoulder.
    * sentirse sobrecogido = stand in + awe.
    * sentirse traicionado = feel + a sense of betrayal.
    * sentirse violento = look + uncomfortable.
    * sentirse violento por = be embarrassed at.
    * sentirse vivo = feel + alive.
    * sentir simpatía por = have + warm feelings towards.
    * sentir una emoción = feel + emotion.
    * sentir una sensación de = experience + sense of.
    * sentir un cosquilleo en el estómago = have + butterflies in + Posesivo + stomach.
    * sentir un escalofrío = experience + shiver.
    * sentir un impulso = have + an impulse.
    * sentir vergüenza = feel + embarrassed.
    * sentir vergüenza ajena = feel + embarrassed for + Nombre.
    * siento + Infinitivo = sorry + Infinitivo.
    * sin sentir ningún reparo = unashamed.
    * sin sentir vergüenza = shamelessly.
    * * *
    I 1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <dolor/pinchazo> to feel

    sentir hambre/frío/sed — to feel hungry/cold/thirsty

    b) < emoción> to feel
    c) ( presentir)
    2)
    a) ( oír) <ruido/disparo> to hear
    b) (esp AmL) ( percibir)

    le siento gusto a vainilla/ajo — I can taste vanilla/garlic

    3) ( lamentar)

    lo siento en el alma — I'm terribly sorry, I'm so sorry

    2.
    sentirse v pron
    1) (+ compl) to feel

    ¿te sientes bien? — are you feeling o do you feel all right?

    me siento mal — I don't feel well, I'm not feeling well

    me siento enfermo/peor — I feel ill/worse

    2) (Chi, Méx) ( ofenderse) to be offended o hurt

    sentirse CON alguien — to be offended o upset with somebody

    II
    masculino ( sentimiento) feelings (pl), emotions (pl); (opinión, postura) feeling, view
    * * *
    = be sorry, sentiment, have + a feeling, regret.

    Ex: I'm sorry to have disappointed you.

    Ex: The song may have been forgotten but among library users the sentiment lingers on = Puede que la canción se haya olvidado pero entre los usuarios de bibliotecas el sentimiento perdura.
    Ex: She had, suddenly, a new feeling, like a tardy response to the stimulus of an unfamiliar drug.
    Ex: Sir Walter Greg also half regretted 'that 'bibliology' is past praying for' since it defined the study more precisely than the accepted word.
    * decir que Uno se siente cómodo con Algo = express + comfort with.
    * decir que Uno se siente confortable con Algo = express + comfort with.
    * hacer que Alguien se sienta a gusto = put + Nombre + at ease.
    * hacer sentir = make + feel.
    * hacer sentir bien = make + Nombre + feel good.
    * hacer sentir la presencia de = make + Posesivo + presence felt.
    * hacer sentir mal = make + Nombre + feel bad.
    * hacer sentir orgulloso = make + Nombre + proud.
    * hacerse sentir = take + Posesivo + toll (on).
    * los efectos negativos se están dejando sentir ahora = chickens come home to roost.
    * nada sabe mejor que sentirse delgado = nothing tastes as good as thin feels.
    * ojos que no ven corazón que no siente = ignorance is bliss.
    * ojos que no ven corazón que no siente = out of sight out of mind.
    * recortes presupuestarios + hacerse sentir = budget cut + bite.
    * sentir ansiedad = feel + anxiety.
    * sentir aversión por = have + aversion to.
    * sentir cierta aprensión (por) = be apprehensive (about).
    * sentir claustrofobia = feel + claustrophobic.
    * sentir daño = feel + hurt.
    * sentir el deseo de = have + an/the inclination to, get + the urge to.
    * sentir entusiasmo por = be enamoured of/with.
    * sentir envidia = feel + jealous.
    * sentir envidia de = be envious of.
    * sentir hambre = be hungry, feel + hungry.
    * sentir hormigueo en la piel = tingle.
    * sentir la inclinación de = be inclined to.
    * sentir la necesidad de = feel + need for, feel + the need to, get + the urge to.
    * sentir la sensación = feel.
    * sentir las ganas de = get + the urge to.
    * sentir lástima por = feel + sorry for, commiserate (with).
    * sentir la tentación de = be tempted to.
    * sentir los efectos de = feel + the effects of.
    * sentir más ganas de hacer Algo = grow in + appetite.
    * sentir miedo = be in fear.
    * sentir motivación = have + motivation.
    * sentir obligación = feel + compulsion.
    * sentir pasión por = be passionate about.
    * sentir pena por = feel + sorry for.
    * sentir predilección por = be partial to.
    * sentir preferencia por = have + a preference for.
    * sentir que no tienen en cuenta a Alguien = feel + left out.
    * sentir remordimiento = feel + remorse.
    * sentir reticencia hacia = recoil.
    * sentirse = feel, feel + a sense of, feel like.
    * sentirse acorralado = Posesivo + back + be + against the wall.
    * sentirse afligido = feel + hurt.
    * sentirse a gusto = feel + at home, be at ease.
    * sentirse a gusto con = be comfortable with.
    * sentirse aislado = feel + left out.
    * sentirse aliviado = be relieved.
    * sentirse amenazado = feel + threatened.
    * sentirse atraído = be engaged.
    * sentirse atraído por = take + a fancy to, take + a shine to, take + a liking to, gravitate to(wards).
    * sentirse avergonzado = be ashamed, feel + embarrassed.
    * sentirse bien = feel + good, wellness, feel + right, get + high.
    * sentirse bien con Uno mismo = feel + right.
    * sentirse cansado = feel + tired.
    * sentirse cohibido = feel + shy.
    * sentirse cómodo con = be comfortable with.
    * sentirse como en casa = feel + at home, feel like + home (away) from home.
    * sentirse como flotando en las nubes = float on + air.
    * sentirse como nuevo = be right as rain.
    * sentirse como pez en el agua = take to + Nombre + like ducks to water.
    * sentirse confortable = be at ease.
    * sentirse confuso = feel at + sea, be all at sea.
    * sentirse cortado = self-conscious.
    * sentirse culpable = feel + guilty.
    * sentirse culpable por = feel + guilt over.
    * sentir sed = be thirsty.
    * sentirse de primera = feel + tip-top.
    * sentirse desalentado = be discouraged.
    * sentirse descontento con = experience + dissatisfaction with.
    * sentirse desilusionado = become + chagrined.
    * sentirse destrozado = be gutted, feel + gutted.
    * sentirse dolido = feel + hurt.
    * sentirse emocionado = be thrilled.
    * sentirse encantado = be thrilled.
    * sentirse en plena forma = feel + tip-top.
    * sentirse entusiasmado = be thrilled.
    * sentirse excelente = feel + tip-top.
    * sentirse fantástico = feel + tip-top.
    * sentirse fuera de lugar = feel + inadequate.
    * sentirse halagado por = be complimented by.
    * sentirse hecho polvo = be gutted, feel + gutted.
    * sentirse identificado = hit it off.
    * sentirse ignorado = feel + left out.
    * sentirse importante = feel + important.
    * sentirse inclinado a = be inclined to.
    * sentirse incómodo = look + uncomfortable.
    * sentirse incómodo con = be uncomfortable with, feel + uncomfortable with.
    * sentirse indignado (por) = be indignant (at).
    * sentirse indispuesto = feel under + the weather, be under the weather.
    * sentirse integrado = sense of belonging.
    * sentirse intimidado = be in awe.
    * sentirse mal = feel + bad, feel under + the weather, be under the weather, feel + wrong.
    * sentirse mal con Uno mismo = feel + wrong.
    * sentirse mareado = feel + giddy, feel + dizzy.
    * sentirse más seguro de = gain + confidence (with/in).
    * sentirse molesto = stir + uneasily, look + uncomfortable, feel + wrong.
    * sentirse molesto por = be embarrassed at.
    * sentirse ofendido = be aggrieved.
    * sentirse orgulloso = swell with + pride.
    * sentirse orgulloso de = be proud (of/to), take + pride in.
    * sentirse partícipe = sense of ownership.
    * sentirse perdido = be out of + Posesivo + depth, be in over + Posesivo + head, feel at + sea, be all at sea.
    * sentirse rechazado = feel + left out.
    * sentirse reconfortado = take + heart.
    * sentirse resentido = carry + a chip on + Posesivo + shoulder.
    * sentirse sobrecogido = stand in + awe.
    * sentirse traicionado = feel + a sense of betrayal.
    * sentirse violento = look + uncomfortable.
    * sentirse violento por = be embarrassed at.
    * sentirse vivo = feel + alive.
    * sentir simpatía por = have + warm feelings towards.
    * sentir una emoción = feel + emotion.
    * sentir una sensación de = experience + sense of.
    * sentir un cosquilleo en el estómago = have + butterflies in + Posesivo + stomach.
    * sentir un escalofrío = experience + shiver.
    * sentir un impulso = have + an impulse.
    * sentir vergüenza = feel + embarrassed.
    * sentir vergüenza ajena = feel + embarrassed for + Nombre.
    * siento + Infinitivo = sorry + Infinitivo.
    * sin sentir ningún reparo = unashamed.
    * sin sentir vergüenza = shamelessly.

    * * *
    sentir1 [ I11 ]
    vt
    A
    1 ‹frío/calor/hambre/sed› to feel
    empecé a sentir hambre/frío a eso de medianoche I started to feel hungry/cold around midnight
    apenas sentí el pinchazo I hardly felt the prick of the needle
    sentí un dolor en el costado/un tirón en la pierna I felt a pain in my side/a tug at my leg
    2 ‹emoción› to feel
    es incapaz de sentir compasión por nadie he's incapable of feeling compassion for anyone
    sentimos una gran alegría cuando nos enteramos we were overjoyed when we found out
    nunca me hicieron sentir que estaba incomodando they never made me feel I was in the way
    lo hizo para que él sintiera celos she did it to make him feel jealous
    realmente sienten la música they play the music with great feeling
    3
    (presentir): sentí que nos iba a pasar algo I had a feeling something was going to happen to us
    4
    (experimentar consecuencias): los efectos de la crisis se dejarán sentir durante décadas the effects of the crisis will be felt for decades
    el descontento se hizo sentir pronto their discontent soon made itself felt
    nuestro departamento no ha sentido el cambio de director our department hasn't been affected by the change of director
    B
    1 (oír) to hear
    sentimos un ruido/un disparo/pasos we heard a noise/a shot/footsteps
    anoche te sentí llegar I heard you come in last night
    2
    ( esp AmL) (percibir) ‹olor/gusto› siento olor a gas/a quemado I can smell gas/burning
    le siento gusto a vainilla/ajo I can taste vanilla/garlic
    C
    (lamentar): sentí mucho la muerte de tu padre I was very sorry to hear of your father's death
    su muerte fue muy sentida his death was deeply mourned
    lo siento mucho I'm really sorry
    lo siento en el alma I'm terribly sorry, I'm so sorry
    no sabes cómo or cuánto lo siento I can't tell you how sorry I am
    sentí mucho no poder ayudarla I was very sorry not to be able to help her
    el director siente no poder recibirlo the director regrets that he is unable to see you ( frml)
    siento que te tengas que ir tan pronto I'm sorry you have to go so soon
    A (+ compl) to feel
    ¿te sientes bien? are you feeling o do you feel all right?
    me siento mal I don't feel well, I'm not feeling well
    me siento enfermo/peor I feel ill/worse
    como se sentía mejor se levantó she felt o was feeling better so she got up
    se sintió desfallecer she felt as if she were about to faint
    no tiene por qué sentirse ofendida/culpable she has no reason to feel hurt/guilty
    nos sentimos totalmente identificados con el personaje we can identify completely with the character
    me sentía vigilada I felt as if I was being watched
    B (Chi, Méx) (ofenderse) to be offended o hurt sentirse CON algn to be offended o upset WITH sb
    1 (sentimiento) feelings (pl), emotions (pl)
    2 (opinión, postura) feeling, view
    la encuesta refleja el sentir general the survey reflects the general feeling o view
    * * *

     

    sentir ( conjugate sentir) verbo transitivo
    1
    a) ‹dolor/pinchazo› to feel;

    ◊ sentir hambre/frío/sed to feel hungry/cold/thirsty

    b) ‹ emoción› to feel;


    sentir celos to feel jealous
    2
    a) ( oír) ‹ruido/disparo› to hear

    b) (esp AmL) ( percibir):


    le siento gusto a vainilla I can taste vanilla
    3 ( lamentar):

    sentí mucho no poder ayudarla I was very sorry not to be able to help her;
    ha sentido mucho la pérdida de su madre she has been very affected by her mother's death
    sentirse verbo pronominal
    1 (+ compl) to feel;

    no me siento con ánimos I don't feel up to it
    2 (Chi, Méx) ( ofenderse) to be offended o hurt;
    sentirse CON algn to be offended o upset with sb
    sentir
    I sustantivo masculino
    1 (juicio, opinion) opinion, view
    2 (sentimiento) feeling
    II verbo transitivo
    1 to feel
    sentir alegría/frío, to feel happy/cold
    te lo digo como lo siento, I speak my mind ➣ Ver nota en feel
    2 (oír, percibir) to hear: la sentí llegar de madrugada, I heard her come home in the small hours
    3 (lamentar) to regret, be sorry about: siento haberte enfadado, I'm sorry I made you angry
    ' sentir' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abominar
    - acobardarse
    - acusar
    - ajena
    - ajeno
    - aprecio
    - arrepentirse
    - cobrar
    - cogerse
    - curiosidad
    - despepitarse
    - embarazarse
    - estimar
    - gustar
    - identificarse
    - intriga
    - marearse
    - notar
    - palpar
    - profesar
    - rencor
    - resentirse
    - temer
    - tener
    - tocar
    - tributar
    - vergüenza
    - agradecer
    - ansia
    - apenar
    - chochear
    - cohibir
    - descomponer
    - lástima
    - náuseas
    - remordimiento
    - sienta
    - sintiera
    English:
    afraid
    - averse
    - care for
    - cringe
    - empathize
    - feel
    - rue
    - sense
    - sorry
    - bite
    - care
    - cold
    - deep
    - devoted
    - nauseous
    - presence
    - relieved
    - sentiment
    - shame
    - tingle
    * * *
    ♦ nm
    1. [sentimientos] feelings
    2. Formal [opinión]
    me gustaría conocer su sentir sobre este tema I'd like to know your feelings o what you feel about this matter;
    el sentir popular public opinion
    ♦ vt
    1. [percibir, experimentar, notar] to feel;
    ¿no sientes calor con tanta ropa? aren't you hot with all those clothes on?;
    no siento los pies del frío que hace it's so cold I can't feel my feet;
    sentía cierta tensión en el ambiente I could sense o feel a degree of tension in the atmosphere;
    sentimos mucha alegría/pena al enterarnos we were very happy/sad when we found out;
    siempre dice lo que siente he always says what he thinks;
    los trabajadores hicieron sentir su disconformidad the workers made plain their disagreement;
    Méx
    sentir bonito/feo to feel well/unwell
    2. [lamentar] to regret, to be sorry about;
    sentimos mucho la muerte de su amigo we deeply regret the death of your friend;
    lo siento (mucho) I'm (really) sorry;
    no sabes cuánto lo siento I can't tell you how sorry I am;
    por él es por quien más lo siento it's him I'm really sorry for;
    siento que no puedas venir I'm sorry you can't come;
    siento no poder ayudarte I'm sorry I can't help you;
    siento haberle hecho esperar sorry to keep you waiting;
    sentimos mucho (tener que) comunicarle que… [en cartas] we regret to inform you that…
    3. [presentir] to sense;
    siento que hay algo que no va bien I have a feeling o I sense that something's not quite right
    4. [oír] to hear;
    sentí pasos I heard footsteps;
    no te sentí entrar I didn't hear you come in
    5. Am [olor, gusto]
    siento mal olor there's a bad smell;
    por el resfrío, no le siente gusto a la comida she can't taste the food because of her cold
    ♦ vi
    to feel;
    el frío ya se deja sentir you can really feel the cold now;
    la antipatía entre ellos aún se deja sentir the dislike between them is still noticeable;
    sin sentir without noticing
    * * *
    I m feeling, opinion;
    en mi sentir in my opinion
    II v/t
    1 feel;
    siento calor I feel hot
    2 ( percibir) sense;
    sin sentirlo llegar, acabar before I/we knew it
    :
    dejarse sentir make itself felt
    4
    :
    lo siento I’m sorry
    * * *
    sentir {76} vt
    1) : to feel, to experience
    no siento nada de dolor: I don't feel any pain
    sentía sed: he was feeling thirsty
    sentir amor: to feel love
    2) percibir: to perceive, to sense
    sentir un ruido: to hear a noise
    3) lamentar: to regret, to feel sorry for
    lo siento mucho: I'm very sorry
    sentir vi
    1) : to have feeling, to feel
    2)
    sin sentir : without noticing, inadvertently
    * * *
    sentir vb
    1. (en general) to feel [pt. & pp. felt]
    2. (lamentar) to be sorry
    3. (oír) to hear [pt. & pp. heard]

    Spanish-English dictionary > sentir

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

  • public opinion — the collective opinion of many people on some issue, problem, etc., esp. as a guide to action, decision, or the like. [1560 70] * * * Introduction       an aggregate of the individual views, attitudes, and beliefs about a particular topic,… …   Universalium

  • Public opinion — For other uses, see Public opinion (disambiguation). Public opinion is the aggregate of individual attitudes or beliefs held by the adult population. Public opinion can also be defined as the complex collection of opinions of many different… …   Wikipedia

  • Opinion leadership — is a concept that arises out of the theory of two step flow of communication propounded by Paul Lazarsfeld and Elihu Katz. This theory is one of several models that try to explain the diffusion of innovations, ideas, or commercial products. The… …   Wikipedia

  • Change Giver — Studio album by Shed Seven Released September 5, 1994 …   Wikipedia

  • public health — public health, adj. health services to improve and protect community health, esp. sanitation, immunization, and preventive medicine. [1610 20] * * * Science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through organized… …   Universalium

  • Public/social/private partnership — Public/social/private partnerships are methods of co operation between private and government bodies.BackgroundModels of cooperation between the market and the state: examples from AustriaThe name “public social private partnership” (PSPP) is a… …   Wikipedia

  • Opinion poll — An opinion poll, sometimes simply referred to as a poll is a survey of public opinion from a particular sample. Opinion polls are usually designed to represent the opinions of a population by conducting a series of questions and then… …   Wikipedia

  • Public image of Sarah Palin — Sarah Palin waves to delegates during her vice presidential nomination acceptance speech at the 2008 Republican National Convention …   Wikipedia

  • Public image and reception of Sarah Palin — Sarah Palin, the Governor of Alaska, was nominated as the first woman candidate of the Republican Party for Vice President of the United States. Her image came under close media scrutiny, [cite web|url=http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/20… …   Wikipedia

  • Public image of George W. Bush — CBS News/New York Times Bush public opinion polling by Gallup/USA Today from February 2001 to December 2007. Blue denotes approve , red disapprove , and green unsure . Large increases in approval followed the September 11 attacks, the beginning… …   Wikipedia

  • Opinion polling for the 2010 United States Senate elections — Contents 1 Polled races 1.1 Alabama 1.2 Alaska 1.3 Arizona …   Wikipedia

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»